BackgroundTo examine whether negative symptoms, psychosis, hostility, excitation, and mannerism (PHEM symptoms), formal thought disorders (FTD) and psychomotor retardation (PMR) are interrelated phenomena in major neurocognitive psychosis (MNP) or deficit schizophrenia and whether those domains belong to an underlying latent vector reflecting general psychopathology.MethodsIn this study, we recruited 120 patients with MNP or deficit schizophrenia and 54 healthy subjects and measured the above-mentioned symptom domains.ResultsIn MNP, there were significant associations between negative and PHEM symptoms, FTD and PMR. A single latent trait, which is essentially unidimensional, underlies these key domains of schizophrenia and MNP and additionally shows excellent internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and predictive relevance. Confirmatory Tedrad Analysis indicates that this latent vector fits a reflective model. The lack of discriminant validity shows that positive (and PHEM or psychotic) and negative symptoms greatly overlap and probably measure the same latent construct. Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) shows that MNP (diagnosis based on negative symptoms) is better modeled using PHEM symptoms, FTD, and PMR than negative symptoms.ConclusionsIn stable phase MNP, which is a restricted sample of the schizophrenia population, negative and PHEM symptoms, FTD and PMR belong to one underlying latent vector reflecting overall severity of schizophrenia (OSOS). The bi-dimensional concept of “positive” and “negative” symptoms cannot be validated and, therefore, future research in stable phase schizophrenia should consider that the latent phenomenon OSOS as well as its reflective manifestations are the key factors of schizophrenia phenomenology.

中文翻译：

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重新审视精神分裂症现象学：阳性和阴性症状是表明精神分裂症总体严重程度的潜在单一特征的强烈相关的反射表现

背景检查阴性症状、精神病、敌意、兴奋和举止（PHEM 症状）、形式思维障碍（FTD）和精神运动迟缓（PMR）是否是主要神经认知精神病（MNP）或缺陷型精神分裂症中的相互关联的现象，以及这些领域是否属于反映一般精神病理学的潜在潜在载体。方法在这项研究中，我们招募了 120 名 MNP 或缺陷型精神分裂症患者和 54 名健康受试者，并测量了上述症状域。结果在 MNP 中，阴性和 PHEM 症状、FTD 和 PMR 之间存在显着关联. 一个单一的潜在特征，本质上是一维的，是精神分裂症和 MNP 的这些关键领域的基础，此外还显示出出色的内部一致性可靠性、收敛有效性和预测相关性。验证性 Tedrad 分析表明该潜在向量适合反射模型。缺乏区分有效性表明阳性（和 PHEM 或精神病）和阴性症状有很大重叠，并且可能测量相同的潜在结构。类比的软独立建模 (SIMCA) 表明，使用 PHEM 症状、FTD 和 PMR 比阴性症状更好地模拟 MNP（基于阴性症状的诊断）。结论PHEM 症状、FTD 和 PMR 属于反映精神分裂症 (OSOS) 总体严重程度的一种潜在潜在载体。“阳性”和“阴性”症状的二维概念无法验证，因此，