Abstract

Agricultural products are consumed as major staple foods; these are the main factors responsible for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure to humans. We analyzed the concentrations of eight PAHs (PAH8) in commonly consumed 359 agricultural samples that are commonly consumed in Republic of Korea. These food samples were divided into four groups (fatty-solid, fatty-liquid, nonfatty-solid, and nonfatty-liquid) and eight different food categories (cereals, potatoes, pulse crops, seeds and nuts, vegetables, mushrooms, fruits, and regional tap water). The chronic daily intake and margin of exposure (MOE) were estimated based on daily consumption data and benzo[a]pyrene equivalents. In our total diet studies, the major contributor to the total PAH8 concentration (ΣPAH8) in agricultural samples was dried jujube (2.32 μg/kg), followed by griddled milk bread (1.25 μg/kg) and stir-fried black sesame (1.17 μg/kg). The integrated toxic equivalent concentrations based on BaP (ΣTEQ_bap; integrated toxic benzo[a]pyrene equivalent quantity) considering the relative toxicity, ranged from 0.12 and 1.6 μg/kg. The PAH8 risk assessment in agricultural products was expressed as the MOE value. The worst scenario (when Not Detected = Limit of Detection) showed the interpretation of the MOE result as a ‘possible concern’ to consume bread products (bread, rye bread, milk bread, and cornbread). The preceding experiments were carried out mainly on commercially processed foods and their raw foods. Unlike such routine testing, our total diet study-based monitoring is designed to monitor PAH8 levels in which agricultural products are analyzed after being processed as usual consumption.

摘要

农产品作为主要主食消费；这些是导致人类接触多环芳烃 (PAH) 的主要因素。我们分析了大韩民国常用的 359 个农业样品中 8 种 PAHs (PAH8) 的浓度。这些食物样品分为四组（脂肪固体、脂肪液体、非脂肪固体和非脂肪液体）和八种不同的食物类别（谷物、土豆、豆类作物、种子和坚果、蔬菜、蘑菇、水果和地区自来水）。根据每日消耗数据和苯并[a]芘当量估算慢性每日摄入量和接触边际 (MOE)。在我们的总膳食研究中，农业样品中总 PAH8 浓度 (ΣPAH8) 的主要贡献者是干枣（2.32 μg/kg），其次是烤牛奶面包（1.25微克/公斤）和炒黑芝麻（1.17微克/公斤）。基于 BaP (ΣTEQ) 的综合毒性当量浓度_粑粑; 综合毒性苯并[a]芘当量）考虑相对毒性，范围为0.12和1.6μg/kg。农产品中的 PAH8 风险评估以 MOE 值表示。最坏的情况（当未检测到 = 检测限）显示 MOE 结果解释为消费面包产品（面包、黑麦面包、牛奶面包和玉米面包）的“可能问题”。上述实验主要针对商业加工食品及其生食进行。与此类常规测试不同，我们基于总饮食研究的监测旨在监测 PAH8 水平，其中农产品在按常规消费方式加工后进行分析。