Fine-scale structure among mesophotic populations of the great star coral Montastraea cavernosa revealed by SNP genotyping.,Ecology and Evolution

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Fine-scale structure among mesophotic populations of the great star coral Montastraea cavernosa revealed by SNP genotyping.
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6340
Crawford Drury _{1,

2} , Rocío Pérez Portela _{1,

3} , Xaymara M Serrano _{4,

5} , Marjorie Oleksiak ₁ , Andrew C Baker ₁

Affiliation

Mesophotic reefs (30‐150 m) have been proposed as potential refugia that facilitate the recovery of degraded shallow reefs following acute disturbances such as coral bleaching and disease. However, because of the technical difficulty of collecting samples, the connectivity of adjacent mesophotic reefs is relatively unknown compared with shallower counterparts. We used genotyping by sequencing to assess fine‐scale genetic structure of Montastraea cavernosa at two sites at Pulley Ridge, a mesophotic coral reef ecosystem in the Gulf of Mexico, and downstream sites along the Florida Reef Tract. We found differentiation between reefs at Pulley Ridge (~68 m) and corals at downstream upper mesophotic depths in the Dry Tortugas (28–36 m) and shallow reefs in the northern Florida Keys (Key Biscayne, ~5 m). The spatial endpoints of our study were distinct, with the Dry Tortugas as a genetic intermediate. Most striking were differences in population structure among northern and southern sites at Pulley Ridge that were separated by just 12km. Unique patterns of clonality and outlier loci allele frequency support these sites as different populations and suggest that the long‐distance horizontal connectivity typical of shallow‐water corals may not be typical for mesophotic systems in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. We hypothesize that this may be due to the spawning of buoyant gametes, which commits propagules to the surface, resulting in greater dispersal and lower connectivity than typically found between nearby shallow sites. Differences in population structure over small spatial scales suggest that demographic constraints and/or environmental disturbances may be more variable in space and time on mesophotic reefs compared with their shallow‐water counterparts.

中文翻译：

SNP 基因分型揭示了大星珊瑚 Montastraea Cavernosa 中光种群的精细结构。

中光珊瑚礁（30-150 m）已被提议作为潜在的避难所，有助于在珊瑚白化和疾病等急性干扰后恢复退化的浅珊瑚礁。然而，由于采集样本的技术难度，与较浅的对应物相比，相邻中光珊瑚礁的连通性相对未知。我们通过测序进行基因分型，评估了墨西哥湾中光珊瑚礁生态系统普利岭（Pulley Ridge）两个地点以及佛罗里达礁带下游地点的Montastraea Cavernosa的精细遗传结构。我们发现滑轮岭 (~68 m) 的珊瑚礁和干龟岛 (28-36 m) 下游中光度上部深度的珊瑚以及佛罗里达群岛北部 (比斯坎湾, ~5 m) 的浅礁之间存在差异。我们研究的空间终点是不同的，以干龟作为遗传中间体。最引人注目的是相距仅 12 公里的普利岭南北地区的人口结构差异。独特的克隆模式和离群基因座等位基因频率支持这些地点作为不同的种群，并表明浅水珊瑚典型的长距离水平连接对于佛罗里达和墨西哥湾的中光系统可能并不典型。我们假设这可能是由于浮力配子的产生，将繁殖体带到表面，导致比附近浅层地点之间通常发现的更大的分散性和更低的连通性。小空间尺度上种群结构的差异表明，与浅水珊瑚礁相比，中光珊瑚礁的人口限制和/或环境干扰在空间和时间上可能更具变化性。

更新日期：2020-06-26

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