Although the effect of tillage practices on crops has been well studied, the systematic effect of these practices on the yield formation process of wheat in rainfed regions is often poorly reported. Here, four tillage practices, namely, strip rotary tillage (SR), strip rotary tillage after subsoiling (SRS), rotary tillage (R) and rotary tillage after subsoiling (RS), were performed during 3 wheat–growing seasons to study the effect of tillage practices on the yield formation process and the physiological mechanism in rainfed wheat. SRS and SR reduced the tiller numbers but increased the percentage of earring tillers. SRS and SR produced the spike numbers similar to those produced by RS and R but increased the grain numbers per spike by increasing the number of grains per spikelet. SRS reduced the evapotranspiration (ET) during the early–filling stage and increased the ET and water consumption ratio during the mid– and late–filling stages. Because of increased water consumption, the flag leaf water potential by SRS was improved during the late–filling stage; photosynthetic rate and superoxide dismutase activity also improved. Accompanied by the improvement in physiological characteristics, the post–anthesis dry matter accumulation by SRS increased significantly. The average grain yield by SRS in the three growing seasons was 6.0 %, 13.4 % and 7.0 % higher than those by SR, R and RS, respectively. The yield–increasing effect of subsoiling once could last for 3 years but the growth rate on the third year decreased from 8.6 % to 3.2 % in SRS, and decreased from 6.0 %–4.2 % in RS.

尽管耕作方式对农作物的影响已得到很好的研究，但这些实践对雨养地区小麦产量形成过程的系统性影响却鲜有报道。在此，在三个小麦生长季节中进行了四种耕作实践，分别是条带旋耕（SR），深耕后带旋耕（SRS），旋耕（R）和深耕后旋耕（RS）以研究效果耕作方式对雨养小麦产量形成过程及生理机制的影响 SRS和SR减少了分er数量，但增加了耳环分till的百分比。SRS和SR产生的穗数类似于RS和R产生的穗数，但通过增加每个小穗的晶粒数来增加每个穗的晶粒数。SRS在灌浆初期减少了蒸散量，并在灌浆中期和后期增加了蒸散发和耗水率。由于耗水量增加，在后期灌浆阶段，SRS的旗叶水势得到了改善。光合速率和超氧化物歧化酶活性也得到改善。随着生理特性的改善，SRS引起的花后干物质积累显着增加。在三个生长季节中，SRS的平均谷物产量分别比SR，R和RS分别高6.0％，13.4％和7.0％。深耕一次的增产效果可以持续3年，但第三年的增长率在SRS中从8.6％下降到3.2％，在RS中从6.0％-4.2％下降。