Extinction, scattering, absorption coefficients, and single-scattering albedo as basic characteristics of single scattering are considered. The results of calculating of extinction and single-scattering albedo for randomly oriented crystals (plates and columns, their aggregates, droxtals, and also mixture of 8 types of cloud crystals) taken from scientific sources are presented. The Mie theory and the physical optics method are used by us to calculate these characteristics for spheres and large crystals. At visible and IR radiation regions, the features of extinction, scattering, absorption, and single-scattering albedo are discussed for various microphysical parameters of spheres, large plates and columns taking into account their orientation. The difference in their behavior is due to variations in the physico-chemical properties of the particles even for the identical shaped crystals. With the same concentration of the particles, the spectral dependence of the optical characteristics (especially for the extinction coefficient) for the large plates is more pronounced (by some orders of magnitude) than for the small particles. Particular attention is paid to the Christiansen spectral regions. In the work, the main focus is made on the consideration of the large horizontally oriented plates. For them, the analytical expressions are presented to calculate the absorption coefficient and the extinction coefficient.

消光，散射，吸收系数和单散射反照率被视为单散射的基本特征。给出了从科学来源获得的随机取向晶体（板和柱，它们的聚集体，正畸形晶体以及8种云晶体的混合物）的消光和单散射反照率的计算结果。我们使用Mie理论和物理光学方法来计算球体和大晶体的这些特性。在可见光和红外辐射区域，针对球体，大板块和圆柱体的各种微物理参数，考虑了它们的方向，讨论了消光，散射，吸收和单散射反照率的特征。它们行为的差异是由于即使对于相同形状的晶体，颗粒的物理化学性质也会发生变化。在相同的颗粒浓度下，与小颗粒相比，大板的光学特性（特别是消光系数）的光谱依赖性更加明显（大约几个数量级）。特别注意克里斯蒂安森光谱区。在工作中，主要重点是考虑大型水平定向板。对于它们，给出解析表达式以计算吸收系数和消光系数。与小颗粒相比，大板块的光学特性（尤其是消光系数）的光谱依赖性更为明显（大约一个数量级）。特别注意克里斯蒂安森光谱区。在工作中，主要重点是考虑大型水平定向板。对于它们，给出解析表达式以计算吸收系数和消光系数。与小颗粒相比，大板的光学特性（尤其是消光系数）的光谱依赖性更为明显（大约一个数量级）。特别注意克里斯蒂安森光谱区。在工作中，主要重点是考虑大型水平定向板。对于它们，给出解析表达式以计算吸收系数和消光系数。