OBJECTIVE Knowledge about the long-term outcome of high-level language ability in awake surgery patients with low-grade gliomas or cavernomas in language eloquent regions is limited, particularly regarding subtle changes in high-level language abilities. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 27 patients with LGG or cavernoma which involved language eloquent regions in the left hemisphere. A comprehensive assessment battery was used to target subtle changes in overall high-level language ability as well as in language sub skills. Assessments were made preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS The results showed that overall high-level language ability had not decreased significantly at group level at 3 or 12 months postoperatively. The proportion of patients with a decline of 5 percent or more at follow up 3 and 12 months were 13% and 9% respectively. There was a marked decline in semantic fluency (animals and verbs) at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Phonemic fluency, while not significantly reduced at three months, improved markedly in the interval between 3 and 12 months. At 12 months, the only significant decline relative to preoperative scores were seen in semantic fluency for animals and verbs. Verbal cognitive speed did not decline significantly postoperatively but approximately 40% of the patients had a decline of 5% or more at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Overall high-level language ability was not significantly affected postoperatively at 3 and 12 months in LGG and cavernoma awake surgery patients. Semantic word fluency had deteriorated postoperatively at 3 and 12 months follow-up. Taken together our results indicate a decline in processing speed of verbal material postoperatively in the patient group.

中文翻译：

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低级别胶质瘤和海绵状血管瘤患者清醒手术后 3 个月和 12 个月的高级语言结果

目的 关于语言表达区低级别胶质瘤或海绵状血管瘤清醒手术患者的高级语言能力长期结果的知识是有限的，特别是关于高级语言能力的细微变化。患者和方法 研究组由 27 名 LGG 或海绵状血管瘤患者组成，这些患者涉及左半球的语言表达区。综合评估组用于针对整体高级语言能力以及语言子技能的细微变化。评估在术前和术后 3 个月和 12 个月进行。结果 结果显示，术后 3 个月或 12 个月时，组水平的整体高级语言能力没有显着下降。在随访 3 个月和 12 个月时下降 5% 或更多的患者比例分别为 13% 和 9%。术后 3 个月和 12 个月时，语义流畅度（动物和动词）显着下降。音素流畅度虽然在 3 个月时没有显着降低，但在 3 至 12 个月的间隔内显着改善。在 12 个月时，与术前评分相比，唯一显着下降的是动物和动词的语义流畅度。术后言语认知速度没有显着下降，但大约 40% 的患者在 12 个月时下降了 5% 或更多。结论 LGG 和海绵状血管瘤清醒手术患者术后 3 个月和 12 个月的总体高级语言能力没有受到显着影响。在术后 3 个月和 12 个月的随访中，语义词的流畅性有所恶化。总之，我们的结果表明患者组术后语言材料的处理速度下降。