First humanoid coronavirus was discovered in the middle of 1960s, the class of viruses are considered to be a huge threat. The first onset of human coronavirus, SARS (SARS-CoV) appeared in 2003 which spanned five continents having lethal effects on human population accompanied by The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in 2012 with a death rate of 35%. The viruses remain a threat till date and are of serious concern since no vaccine or specified drug therapy has been approbated for treating human coronaviruses. The viruses became a pandemic worldwide with the emergence of Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV). SARS-CoV2 viral manifestation poses a serious human life risk by causing acute lung injury and various respiratory outcomes and has become a global concern. High pathogenicity and transmission rate of the viral strain has become the spotlight of research community throughout the world. With the ongoing studies on viral structure and host interactions, the intricacy of the viral proteome structure and replication cycle proposes a need to explore our understanding of host factors playing role in viral multiplication cycle. This review provides insight into our prevalent perception of coronavirus-host interactions, structure of SARS-CoV2, receptor mediated entry of virus inside the human cells, ongoing clinical trials, drug therapies and treatments that are being used to combat COVID-19 targeting viral fusion, replication and its multiplication.

第一种人形冠状病毒于 20 世纪 60 年代中期被发现，该类病毒被认为是一个巨大的威胁。人类首次爆发的冠状病毒SARS（SARS-CoV）于2003年出现，横跨五大洲，对人类造成致命影响，2012年出现中东呼吸综合症冠状病毒，死亡率高达35%。迄今为止，这些病毒仍然是一种威胁，并且受到严重关注，因为尚未批准用于治疗人类冠状病毒的疫苗或特定药物疗法。随着武汉冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）的出现，这些病毒在全球范围内大流行。 SARS-CoV2 病毒表现可引起急性肺损伤和各种呼吸系统疾病，对人类生命构成严重威胁，已成为全球关注的问题。该病毒株的高致病性和高传播率已成为国内外研究界关注的焦点。随着对病毒结构和宿主相互作用的持续研究，病毒蛋白质组结构和复制周期的复杂性表明我们需要探索我们对在病毒复制周期中发挥作用的宿主因素的理解。这篇综述深入了解了我们对冠状病毒与宿主相互作用的普遍看法、SARS-CoV2的结构、受体介导的病毒进入人体细胞、正在进行的临床试验、用于对抗针对病毒融合的 COVID-19 的药物疗法和治疗方法、复制及其乘法。