Agroforestry systems (AFS) are presented as systems likely to meet a variety of interests from diverse stakeholders embodied in sectoral policies such as forestry or environment policies. However, they are in a process of being institutionalized in Europe through specific policy instruments mostly within agricultural policies. In this context, we investigated the agroforestry policyscape, meaning the social and spatial articulation between multiple policies impacting agroforestry along a Mediterranean landscape gradient from agricultural intensification to land abandonment. We focused on the necessary conditions to promote socio-political synergies between practices, actors and instruments to tackle agroforestry, from preexisting to emerging systems and issues in these landscapes. We worked in two Mediterranean protected areas, the Ventoux Biosphere Reserve and the Verdon Regional Nature Park, and conducted in-depth interviews with 50 practitioners and sectoral representatives from diverse policies directly affecting AFS. We identified five categories of AFS, some of them being traditional declining practices while other ‘modern’ forms are currently emerging with the ongoing agro-ecological transition. We highlighted that while stakeholders and policies from multiple social groups are interested in some AFS such as silvopastures, others AFS such as silvoarable systems are confined to a single social and political field, the agricultural one, or even ignored by policies such as grazed orchards. Regarding this agroforestry policyscape, we discuss opportunities for agroforestry development with issues of policies coordination, lack of instruments, and need for synergies with environmental or land-use planning policies.

中文翻译：

---

法国地中海受保护景观中农林业的政策环境

农林业系统（AFS）的提出是为了满足林业或环境政策等部门政策中体现的来自不同利益相关者的各种利益。但是，它们正在通过主要在农业政策范围内的特定政策工具在欧洲制度化。在这种情况下，我们调查了农林业政策环境，这意味着在从农业集约化到土地废弃的地中海景观梯度上，影响农林业的多种政策之间的社会和空间联系。我们着眼于必要条件，以促进解决农林业问题的实践，行动者和手段之间的社会政治协同作用，从这些景观中现有的系统到新兴的系统和问题。我们在两个地中海保护区工作，Ventoux生物圈保护区和Verdon地区自然公园，并与直接影响AFS的各种政策的50名从业者和部门代表进行了深入访谈。我们确定了AFS的五种类型，其中一些是传统的下降做法，而随着农业生态转型的发展，目前正在出现其他“现代”形式。我们着重指出，尽管来自多个社会群体的利益相关者和政策对某些AFS（如林牧区）感兴趣，而其他AFS（如林木系统）却局限于一个单一的社会和政治领域，农业领域，甚至被放牧的果园等政策所忽略。关于这种农林业政策，我们讨论了政策协调，缺乏工具，