Additive Manufacturing (AM) has recently attracted huge attentions as a technology for the next generation of industry. Particularly for the manufacturing purposes, various aspects of AM are being studied and applied, such as prototypes for assembly tests, jig production, and actual parts manufacturing. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) using polyamide is easy to apply to various industries, such as its superior mechanical properties and higher design freedom, but design that takes into account variation in dimensions after manufacture often leads to costly and time-consuming problems. As a way to reduce deformation in the production process, previous studies approached experimentally about the effects of thermal deformation or residual stress on deformation. This is difficult to apply to a specimen of various shapes and sizes and also has limitations as a common solution to dimensional inaccuracies. To propose a solution for mitigating shape deformation of AM part, this paper focused on the effect of phase change of material among various processing parameters that cause shape deformation and tries to present an analytic model. Modeling on the melting and sintering phenomena of powder was presented using Euler-Bernui beam equation. The proposed model was verified by measuring the density variation of manufactured AM components and analyzing the correlation between the degree of contraction and the energy density. Factors such as layer thickness, part thickness, and part placement height were identified to have significant effects on the actual deformation. It is also confirmed that dimensional accuracy of parts that show large deformation by bending has increased by 64.2% when a calibration model is applied through manufacturing of actual parts. Time and cost can be saved for industrial application of AM by applying this proposed calibration model. In addition, by using this model more efficiently in the CAD design process, dimensional accuracy can be enhanced.

作为下一代工业的技术，增材制造（AM）最近引起了巨大的关注。特别是出于制造目的，正在研究和应用AM的各个方面，例如用于装配测试，夹具生产和实际零件制造的原型。使用聚酰胺的选择性激光烧结（SLS）易于应用于各种行业，例如其优越的机械性能和更高的设计自由度，但是考虑到制造后尺寸变化的设计通常会导致成本高昂和耗时的问题。作为减少生产过程中变形的一种方法，以前的研究通过实验研究了热变形或残余应力对变形的影响。这很难应用于各种形状和大小的样品，并且作为解决尺寸误差的通用方法也存在局限性。为了提出缓解AM零件形状变形的解决方案，本文重点研究了材料相变在引起形状变形的各种加工参数之间的影响，并试图提出一个解析模型。利用Euler-Bernui梁方程，对粉末的熔融和烧结现象进行了建模。通过测量制造的AM组件的密度变化并分析收缩程度与能量密度之间的相关性来验证所提出的模型。确定了诸如层厚，零件厚度和零件放置高度等因素对实际变形具有重大影响。还可以确认，通过实际零件的制造应用校准模型时，因弯曲而变形大的零件的尺寸精度提高了64.2％。通过应用该建议的校准模型，可以为AM的工业应用节省时间和成本。另外，通过在CAD设计过程中更有效地使用此模型，可以提高尺寸精度。