Potential Explosion Hazards Associated with the Autocatalytic Thermal Decomposition of Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Its Mixtures,Organic Process Research & Development

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Potential Explosion Hazards Associated with the Autocatalytic Thermal Decomposition of Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Its Mixtures
Organic Process Research & Development ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00159
Qiang Yang ₁ , Min Sheng ₂ , Xiaoyong Li ₁ , Craig Tucker ₂ , Suhelen Vásquez Céspedes ₁ , Nicola J. Webb ₁ , Gregory T. Whiteker ₁ , Jing Yu ₃

Affiliation

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is widely used as a solvent for chemical reactions, as a cosolvent for crop protection formulations, and in medicines for topical administration of drugs. The potential explosion hazards associated with thermal decomposition of DMSO have been well-documented, with early reports dating back to the late 1950s. However, these explosion hazards are still underappreciated and inadequately communicated, as indicated by the fact that numerous severe accidents have occurred on both laboratory and industrial scales over the years. Differential scanning calorimetry studies show that decomposition of pure DMSO is detected at ca. 278 °C, while accelerating rate calorimetry analysis indicates that thermal decomposition of DMSO occurs at temperatures around its boiling point of 189 °C. Studies also show that the presence of certain substances can significantly lower the onset temperature of DMSO decomposition and also potentially increase the severity of the decomposition reaction through autocatalytic behavior. Further analysis of literature information indicates that there is a wide range of substances that exacerbate the thermal decomposition of DMSO, including acids, bases, halides, metals, electrophiles, oxidants, and reductants. This comprehensive review of explosion hazards associated with the thermal decomposition of DMSO and its mixtures will serve as an educational resource to alert researchers about the need to mitigate these hazards and to incentivize research toward its replacement with safer and greener solvents in the broader chemistry community.

中文翻译：

与二甲基亚砜及其混合物的自催化热分解有关的潜在爆炸危险

二甲基亚砜（DMSO）被广泛用作化学反应的溶剂，作物保护配方的助溶剂以及药物的局部给药药物。与DMSO热分解相关的潜在爆炸危险已得到充分证明，早期报告可追溯到1950年代后期。但是，这些年来爆炸危险仍未得到充分认识和充分传达，事实表明，多年来实验室和工业规模均发生了许多严重事故。差示扫描量热法研究表明，纯DMSO的分解在约200℃下被检测到。278°C，同时加速量热分析表明DMSO的热分解发生在其沸点189°C附近。研究还表明，某些物质的存在可以显着降低DMSO分解的起始温度，并且还可能通过自催化行为增加分解反应的严重性。对文献信息的进一步分析表明，有各种各样的物质会加剧DMSO的热分解，包括酸，碱，卤化物，金属，亲电子试剂，氧化剂和还原剂。这份与DMSO及其混合物热分解有关的爆炸危险的综合综述将作为教育资源，提醒研究人员减轻这些危险的必要性，并激励研究人员在更广泛的化学领域中用更安全，更环保的溶剂替代它。

更新日期：2020-06-19

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