Superelasticity—diffusion-less plastic deformation with spontaneous shape recoverability—has been applied to practical uses due to its unique mechanical characteristics, e.g., reversible deformability over elastic limit, and thermally induced shape recovery, the so-called shape-memory effect. For shaping shape-memory alloys showing superelasticity, they are aged under severe conditions unsuitable for organic materials, e.g., heating over several hundred degrees Celsius for several minutes to hours. Here we demonstrate shaping of a chiral organosuperelastic single crystal by quick shape-memorization processing at a temperature between 20 and 170 °C. Different from conventional shape-memory alloys, superelasticity of the crystal shows a small negative temperature dependence. Inversion of a polar direction and helical axis, induced by superelastic deformation in a crystal structure with a polar point group symmetry of 2, is also noteworthy from the viewpoint of polarity-based functions. The unveiled deformability will pave the way for development of organic crystalline materials, e.g., damping materials and structural materials, in soft robots.

中文翻译：

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1,3,5-三氰基苯的手性有机超弹性晶体中的闪存形状记忆处理和极性方向的反转

超弹性-具有自发形状恢复能力的无扩散塑性变形-由于其独特的机械特性（例如，超过弹性极限的可逆变形能力）和热诱导的形状恢复（即所谓的形状记忆效应）而已被应用于实际应用。为了成型具有超弹性的形状记忆合金，需要在不适合有机材料的苛刻条件下进行时效处理，例如，在数百摄氏度下加热几分钟至几小时。在这里，我们通过在20至170°C之间的温度进行快速的形状记忆处理，展示了手性有机超弹性单晶的成形。与常规的形状记忆合金不同，晶体的超弹性显示出较小的负温度依赖性。极性方向和螺旋轴反转，从基于极性的函数的观点来看，在极性基团对称性为2的晶体结构中，由于超弹性变形而产生的应力也是值得注意的。揭示的可变形性将为在软机器人中开发有机晶体材料（例如阻尼材料和结构材料）铺平道路。