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Detection and community-level identification of microbial mats in the McMurdo Dry Valleys using drone-based hyperspectral reflectance imaging
Antarctic Science ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-19 , DOI: 10.1017/s0954102020000243
Joseph Levy , S. Craig Cary , Kurt Joy , Charles K. Lee

The reflectance spectroscopic characteristics of cyanobacteria-dominated microbial mats in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) were measured using a hyperspectral point spectrometer aboard an unmanned aerial system (remotely piloted aircraft system, unmanned aerial vehicle or drone) to determine whether mat presence, type and activity could be mapped at a spatial scale sufficient to characterize inter-annual change. Mats near Howard Glacier and Canada Glacier (ASPA 131) were mapped and mat samples were collected for DNA-based microbiome analysis. Although a broadband spectral parameter (a partial normalized difference vegetation index) identified mats, it missed mats in comparatively deep (> 10 cm) water or on bouldery surfaces where mats occupied fringing moats. A hyperspectral parameter (B6) did not have these shortcomings and recorded a larger dynamic range at both sites. When linked with colour orthomosaic data, B6 band strength is shown to be capable of characterizing the presence, type and activity of cyanobacteria-dominated mats in and around MDV streams. 16S rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction amplicon sequencing analysis of the mat samples revealed that dominant cyanobacterial taxa differed between spectrally distinguishable mats, indicating that spectral differences reflect underlying biological distinctiveness. Combined rapid-repeat hyperspectral measurements can be applied in order to monitor the distribution and activity of sentinel microbial ecosystems across the terrestrial Antarctic.

中文翻译:

使用基于无人机的高光谱反射成像检测和社区级识别麦克默多干谷中的微生物垫

使用无人驾驶航空系统(遥控飞机系统、无人驾驶飞行器或无人机)上的高光谱点光谱仪测量麦克默多干谷 (MDV) 中以蓝细菌为主的微生物垫的反射光谱特征,以确定垫的存在、类型和活动可以在足以表征年际变化的空间尺度上绘制。绘制了霍华德冰川和加拿大冰川 (ASPA 131) 附近的地垫图,并收集了地垫样本用于基于 DNA 的微生物组分析。尽管宽带光谱参数(部分归一化差异植被指数)识别了垫子,但它在相对较深(> 10 cm)的水中或垫子占据边缘护城河的巨石表面上错过了垫子。高光谱参数 (B6) 没有这些缺点,并且在两个站点都记录了更大的动态范围。当与彩色正射镶嵌数据相关联时,B6 波段强度被证明能够表征 MDV 流中和周围蓝藻占主导地位的垫子的存在、类型和活动。对垫子样品的 16S rRNA 基因聚合酶链反应扩增子测序分析表明,在光谱可区分的垫子之间占优势的蓝藻类群不同,这表明光谱差异反映了潜在的生物独特性。可以应用组合的快速重复高光谱测量来监测南极陆地前哨微生物生态系统的分布和活动。B6 波段强度能够表征 MDV 流中和周围蓝藻占主导地位的垫子的存在、类型和活性。对垫子样品的 16S rRNA 基因聚合酶链反应扩增子测序分析表明,在光谱可区分的垫子之间占优势的蓝藻类群不同,这表明光谱差异反映了潜在的生物独特性。可以应用组合的快速重复高光谱测量来监测南极陆地前哨微生物生态系统的分布和活动。B6 波段强度能够表征 MDV 流中和周围蓝藻占主导地位的垫子的存在、类型和活性。对垫子样品的 16S rRNA 基因聚合酶链反应扩增子测序分析表明,在光谱可区分的垫子之间占优势的蓝藻类群不同,这表明光谱差异反映了潜在的生物独特性。可以应用组合的快速重复高光谱测量来监测南极陆地前哨微生物生态系统的分布和活动。对垫子样品的 16S rRNA 基因聚合酶链反应扩增子测序分析表明,在光谱可区分的垫子之间占优势的蓝藻类群不同,这表明光谱差异反映了潜在的生物独特性。可以应用组合的快速重复高光谱测量来监测南极陆地前哨微生物生态系统的分布和活动。对垫子样品的 16S rRNA 基因聚合酶链反应扩增子测序分析表明,在光谱可区分的垫子之间占优势的蓝藻类群不同,这表明光谱差异反映了潜在的生物独特性。可以应用组合的快速重复高光谱测量来监测南极陆地前哨微生物生态系统的分布和活动。
更新日期:2020-05-19
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