ABSTRACT Certain rainfall–runoff models, e.g. the unit hydrograph, assume linear relationships between the variables. These are proportionality of runoff discharges to (net) rainfall depth and linear summations of discharges resulting from (net) rainfalls during different time intervals or over different sectors of a watershed. This study examines the validity of these assumptions by use of an extensive two-dimensional laboratory experimentation. The results indicate that proportionality would be found under high rainfall intensity through a long duration. Spatial summations would more likely yield correct discharges in cases where rainfall duration is equal to, or is longer than, the time of concentration. Temporal summations may yield correct discharges when rainfall duration is longer than one half of the time of concentration. Here, the time of concentration is determined at the beginning of gradual approach of the discharge towards the equilibrium state.

中文翻译：

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降雨-径流关系线性的实验室检查

摘要 某些降雨-径流模型，例如单位水文过程线，假设变量之间存在线性关系。这些是径流排放与（净）降雨深度的比例以及不同时间间隔或流域不同部门的（净）降雨产生的排放的线性总和。本研究通过使用广泛的二维实验室实验来检验这些假设的有效性。结果表明，在长时间的高降雨强度下，会发现比例性。在降雨持续时间等于或长于集中时间的情况下，空间总和更有可能产生正确的排放量。当降雨持续时间长于集中时间的一半时，时间总和可能会产生正确的排放量。这里，