In this paper, a 180° hybrid consisting of a broadband balun and a T‐junction in‐phase power divider is proposed. The 180° hybrid is intended for operation in the C‐band. The balun resembles a center tapped magnetic transformer where the coils are replaced by broadside‐coupled lines. This new technique allows magnetic couplers to be realized by planar structures at microwave frequencies. The planar balun is broadband, and the size reduction is considerable. The broadside‐coupled lines are on a suspended substrate. The proposed structure can be used in the beam forming networks of the multiple‐beam antennas. It also prevents cross connections in the conventional beam forming networks. The planar balun is analyzed by the signal flow graph method. The scattering parameters of the 180° hybrid are calculated by the multiport connection method. Some design formulas for the construction of the balun are presented. The 3‐dimensional model of the planar 180° hybrid is simulated by a full‐wave simulator. Measurement results of the fabricated hybrid approve the simulation results. The 180° hybrid exhibits a relative bandwidth of 45% centered at 4.5 GHz. In the operating band, the amplitude and phase imbalance of the output ports are <0.6 dB and <10°, respectively.

中文翻译：

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180°混合动力，在悬架基板上使用新型平面巴伦，用于波束形成网络应用

本文提出了一种由宽带巴伦和T结同相功率分配器组成的180°混合电路。180°混合动力车适用于C波段工作。平衡-不平衡变换器类似于中心抽头的磁性变压器，其中的线圈由宽边耦合的线代替。这项新技术允许通过微波频率下的平面结构实现磁耦合器。平面巴伦是宽带的，并且尺寸减小是可观的。宽边耦合线位于悬浮的基板上。所提出的结构可以用于多波束天线的波束形成网络中。这也防止了常规波束形成网络中的交叉连接。平面巴伦通过信号流图方法进行分析。180°混合器的散射参数是通过多端口连接方法计算的。提出了一些构造巴伦的设计公式。平面180°混合动力飞机的3维模型由全波模拟器模拟。所制造的混合动力车的测量结果认可了仿真结果。180°混合电源以4.5 GHz为中心的相对带宽为45％。在工作频带中，输出端口的幅度和相位不平衡分别小于<0.6 dB和<10°。