With saddened hearts, we share the passing of Dr Sidney F. Phillips, the Karl F. and Marjory Hasselmann Professor of Research and Consultant in Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Dr Phillips died on November 9, 2019, in St. Paul, Minnesota. We also celebrate the achievements and humanistic qualities of our mentor.

Sid was a researcher, clinician, and educator par excellence. He received the highest levels of international recognition and awards for his pre‐eminence as a skilled clinical investigator who unraveled complex interactions between secretory and propulsive elements of the gut. To the many who had the privilege of working with him, he was simply the best teacher and mentor one could ever have.

Sid, his wife, Decima, and his young daughter, Penelope, moved from Melbourne, Australia to London, England, where Sid trained at the Central Middlesex Hospital with Sir Francis Avery Jones and Dr David Edwards. In 1963, the family moved to Rochester, Minnesota for a "two‐year fellowship" at Mayo Clinic that ultimately blossomed into a career lasting more than 35 years. At Mayo Clinic, he trained with legendary physician scientists, Charles F. Code and William H. Summerskill. The scope and depth of Sid’s research was remarkable, as his work yielded fundamental insights into the pathophysiology of several common conditions. His research was characterized by originality, innovation, and laser‐like focus on understanding the integrated pathophysiology of common gastroenterological conditions encountered in clinical practice.

Among his earliest papers in London, he investigated maintenance of fecal continence and mechanisms of defecation. At Mayo Clinic, he meticulously investigated intestinal secretion, absorption, motility, and the effects of mediators such as short‐chain fatty acids and bile acids. These studies complemented observations by his Mayo Clinic contemporary, Alan Hofmann, on the diarrhea that accompanies ileal resection. Together, Sid and Alan discovered the effects of di–α–hydroxy bile acids on colonic secretion in animals and humans. Later, Sid and his fellows charted the integrated functions of capacitance, flow and regionally specific ileocolonic motility, and effects of biochemical mediators in health and disease. Through integrative physiological studies in canine and human colon, Sid characterized “salvage” of nutrients, water, and electrolytes in the ileocolonic region, establishing the role of the ileal reservoir proximal colon capacitance.

In addition, Sid advanced the epidemiology of gastrointestinal diseases, specifically irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, through interaction with the Rochester Epidemiology Project. The impact of his work on the field of clinical gastroenterology is simply staggering and includes the first validated self‐report questionnaire to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms, measurement of colonic transit with radiopaque markers in humans, introduction (with John Pemberton) of anorectal testing at Mayo Clinic, and measurement of colonic tone and contractility. To this day, the questionnaires, radiopaque markers, anorectal manometry, and barostat measurements of tone and contractility, respectively, provide the vehicles by which we understand the epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders, discriminate normal from slow transit constipation or rectal evacuation disorders, and evaluate colonic sensorimotor functions.

Collaborating closely with surgeons, Sid investigated the consequences of gastrointestinal surgery, especially after proctocolectomy and ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis. He authored 274 original articles and 148 reviews and chapters, and edited 5 books, including a textbook on the large intestine. His h–index, which only includes papers published after 1985 and, hence, excludes nearly 100 papers, is 73!

Sid was a devoted mentor who attracted a stream of research fellows—indeed 58 (Table 1)—most of whom came from countries outside the United States. He had a knack for observing and recruiting young talented doctors at international meetings, such as the annual meetings of the British Society of Gastroenterology. There, he renewed acquaintances, met former fellows, and recruited the next generation of trainees to Mayo Clinic. After training under his tutelage at Mayo Clinic, many of these mentees, including Alan Cameron, David Wingate, Vinton Chadwick, Enrique Wolpert, Eamonn Quigley, Wolfgang Kruis, Robin Spiller, Nicholas Talley, Michael Sarr, and the authors, became leaders in gastroenterology as division chairs, journal editors, or presidents of academic societies.

During his Mayo Clinic career, Sid served as director of the Gastroenterology Research Unit and secured funding for the Mayo Digestive Diseases Core Center from National Institutes of Health, which served as the seed for basic, clinical, and translational research in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, supporting other distinguished researchers including Nicholas LaRusso, Laurence Miller, Eugene DiMagno, Juan–Ramon Malagelada, Vay Liang W. “Bill” Go, Keith Kelly, Michael Sarr, and Joseph Szurszewski. Sid’s research included collaborations with consultants from other departments at Mayo Clinic such as L. Joseph Melton (Epidemiology), Keith Kelly, John Pemberton and Roger Dozois (Surgery), and Roy Shorter (Pathology). Sid was also director of the NIH‐funded Clinical Research Center at Mayo Foundation, Rochester.

Outside of Mayo Clinic, he was an elected fellow of the Royal Australian, American, and Royal (London) Colleges of Physicians, and a member of the American Society of Clinical Investigation and the Association of American Physicians. Among several awards, he received the Distinguished Investigator Award at Mayo Clinic and the Fiterman Research Award in honor of Joseph B. Kirsner from the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA). Sid also served as chair of the Motility Section and Research Committee of the AGA and of the Gastroenterology Research Group, as well as secretary and, subsequently, as president of the American (Neurogastroenterology) Motility Society.

Fellows fondly remember the interactions they had with Sid. When they presented an idea, his response was always the same: He would take the ever‐present pipe out of his mouth, start to “play” with it, tamp down the tobacco, and recharge it, all the while thinking! He would take a few puffs, pull on his lower lip, and, after three minutes of silence, give you his thoughts which were always incisive, precise, and helpful. He was a superb writer, a rigorous reviewer, and he also served as editor of Digestive Diseases and Sciences and as senior associate editor of Gastroenterology. He said to at least one of us, “Learn to write well; other than having children, it will be the most creative thing you will ever do!”

Colleagues outside of Mayo Clinic remember Sid not only as a real giant in thoughtful clinical research but also as a true gentleman and a wonderful friend. Those who had the pleasure of interacting with him over decades in many different capacities were always impressed by his intellect, insights, and, particularly, by his lack of bias and ideological excess. He is remembered by all not only as a leader, but as a role model for appropriate behavior, both academic and personal. As one of his colleagues observed, Sid provided peerless service as a debunker of myth. He insisted on plausible mechanisms to explain clinical observations and, if such understanding was unavailable, he encouraged hypothesis‐based, patient‐oriented research.

With his wife, Decima, Sid was a consummate host to the many fellows in Rochester who did not have family to share Thanksgiving and other important annual holidays. For the overseas fellows in the Gastroenterology Research Unit, the Phillips’ house was a home away from home, a place where they were always warmly welcomed. Sid and Decima loved entertaining guests from around the world, giving his fellows the opportunity of interacting in person with world leaders in the field. Sid was involved with the Rochester Community Theater productions of Gilbert and Sullivan classics (teaming up with Roy Shorter), and he and Decima were active in the Wine and Food Society. Even as he reached the pinnacle of a career in gastroenterology, his life was filled with all that made him happiest: family, travel, theater, music, learning, teaching, good food, and good wine. He was as content to intently discuss a column in The New York Times as he was to sing bawdy rugby songs after a few too many glasses of wine. Dinner conversation was filled with wry observations on all topics. He was an enologist of impeccable taste and opinion, and he loved the land and city of his birth, Australia and Melbourne. He was passionate about baseball, cricket, and Aussie rules football. Sid was as comfortable describing the technical skills of the great Australian fast bowler, Ray Lindwall, as he was of the pitching performance of Jack Morris who led the Minnesota Twins to win the 1991 World Series in game 7.

After retirement, Sid and Decima moved to Lowertown St. Paul, Minnesota to be close to their children and grandchildren. They divided their time between St. Paul and London, England and returned frequently to visit friends and family in Australia. In retirement, Sid and Decima made many new friends and came to enjoy the Twin Cities cultural offerings including the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra, the Schubert Club, and the Guthrie Theater where Sid was an inaugural season ticket holder. Sid will be dearly missed by his family, Decima; Penelope and her husband, Joe McKinley, and their children, Edward and Margaret; Nichola and her husband, Martey Jakel, and their children, Owen and Emilia; and David and his wife, Laura (McEllistrem), and their children, Charlie, Lily, and Sophie.

The gastroenterology community mourns the loss of a beloved colleague, mentor, clinical scientist, and friend.

怀着悲痛的心情，我们分享了明尼苏达州罗切斯特市梅奥诊所的Sidney F. Phillips博士，Karl F.和Marjory Hasselmann教授，胃肠病学和肝病学研究顾问。菲利普斯博士于2019年11月9日在明尼苏达州圣保罗去世。我们还赞扬导师的成就和人文素养。

Sid是一名出色的研究员，临床医生和教育家。由于他是一位熟练的临床研究人员，他对肠道分泌和推进成分之间复杂的相互作用进行了深入的研究，因此获得了最高水平的国际认可和奖项。对于许多有幸与他合作的人来说，他简直是有史以来最好的老师和导师。

Sid，他的妻子Decima和他的小女儿Penelope从澳大利亚墨尔本搬到了英国伦敦，在那里Sid与弗朗西斯·艾弗里·琼斯爵士和戴维·爱德华兹医生一起在中央米德尔塞克斯医院接受了培训。1963年，一家人搬到明尼苏达州的罗切斯特，在梅奥诊所（Mayo Clinic）进行了“两年期研究金”，最终发展了长达35年的职业生涯。在梅奥诊所（Mayo Clinic），他接受了传奇医师科学家Charles F. Code和William H. Summerskill的培训。Sid的研究范围和深度令人瞩目，因为他的工作对几种常见病症的病理生理学产生了基本的见识。他的研究具有独创性，创新性和类似激光的特点，专注于了解临床实践中常见胃肠病的综合病理生理学。

在他最早的伦敦论文中，他研究了粪便的维持和排便机制。在梅奥诊所（Mayo Clinic），他认真研究了肠道分泌，吸收，运动以及短链脂肪酸和胆汁酸等介质的作用。这些研究补充了他的梅奥诊所的当代人艾伦·霍夫曼（Alan Hofmann）对回肠切除术引起的腹泻的观察结果。Sid和Alan一起发现了二α-羟基胆汁酸对动物和人类结肠分泌的影响。后来，西德和他的同事们绘制了电容，流量和区域特定回肠结肠运动的综合功能，以及生化介质在健康和疾病中的作用。通过对犬和人结肠的综合生理研究，Sid对营养物，水，

此外，Sid通过与罗切斯特流行病学计划的互动，促进了胃肠道疾病的流行病学，特别是肠易激综合症和炎症性肠病。他的工作对临床胃肠病学领域的影响简直令人震惊，其中包括第一份经过验证的自我报告调查表，用于评估胃肠道症状，使用不透射线标记物测量人的结肠运输，在Mayo Clinic中介绍（与John Pemberton一起）进行肛肠检查，并测量结肠的张力和收缩力。时至今日，问卷，不透射线标记物，肛门直肠测压法和气压调节器的语气和收缩力测量分别提供了我们了解功能性胃肠疾病流行病学的手段，

Sid与外科医师密切合作，研究了胃肠道手术的后果，尤其是在进行结肠直肠切除术和回肠囊肛门吻合术之后。他撰写了274篇原创文章和148条评论和章节，并编辑了5本书，其中包括关于大肠的教科书。他的h指数为73，仅包括1985年以后发表的论文，因此不包括近100篇论文。

席德（Sid）是位虔诚的导师，他吸引了一大批研究人员，实际上是58位（表1）（表1），其中大多数来自美国以外的国家。他擅长在国际会议（例如英国胃肠病学会年会）上观察和招募年轻的有才华的医生。在那儿，他结识了新朋友，结识了以前的研究员，并招募了下一代实习生到Mayo Clinic。在梅奥诊所（Mayo Clinic）的指导下接受培训之后，许多受训者，包括艾伦·卡梅伦（Alan Cameron），大卫·温盖特（David Wingate），温顿·查德威克（Vinton Chadwick），恩里克·沃尔珀特（Ernnn Wolpert），伊莫恩·奎格利（Eamonn Quigley），沃尔夫冈·克鲁伊斯（Wolfgang Kruis），罗宾·斯佩勒（Robin Spiller），尼古拉斯·塔利（Nicholas Talley），迈克尔·萨尔（Michael Sarr）和作者，成为胃肠病学的领导作为部门主席，期刊编辑或学术协会主席。

在他的Mayo诊所职业生涯中，Sid担任胃肠病学研究室主任，并获得美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health）的Mayo消化系统疾病核心研究中心的资助，该中心是胃肠病学和基础研究部门的基础，临床和转化研究的种子肝病学为其他杰出的研究人员提供了支持，包括尼古拉斯·拉鲁索，劳伦斯·米勒，尤金·迪马格诺，胡安·拉蒙·马拉奇拉达，维伊·梁·W·“比尔·高”，基思·凯利，迈克尔·萨尔和约瑟夫·苏斯维斯基。Sid的研究包括与梅奥诊所其他部门的顾问合作，例如L. Joseph Melton（流行病学），Keith Kelly，John Pemberton和Roger Dozois（外科）和Roy Shorter（病理学）。Sid还是美国国立卫生研究院资助的罗切斯特市梅奥基金会临床研究中心主任。

梅奥诊所之外，他是皇家澳大利亚，美国和皇家内科（伦敦）学院的当选家伙，和临床研究的美国社会和美国医师协会的成员。在多个奖项中，他获得了梅奥诊所的杰出研究员奖和为纪念美国胃肠病学协会（AGA）的约瑟夫·B·科斯纳而获得的菲特曼研究奖。Sid还曾担任AGA和胃肠病学研究小组运动科和研究委员会主席，以及美国运动神经病学会秘书和秘书。

研究员深切地记得他们与Sid的互动。当他们提出一个主意时，他的反应总是一样的：他会从嘴里抽出永远存在的烟斗，开始“玩”它，夯实烟草，然后给它充电，同时一直在思考！他会抽几下气，拉起下唇，经过三分钟的沉默后，告诉您他的想法总是敏锐，准确和有益的。他是一个一流的作家，评论家严谨，他还担任主编消化道疾病与科学和资深副主编消化。他对我们中的至少一个说：“学会写好；除了生孩子以外，这将是您将要做的最具创造力的事情！”

Mayo Clinic以外的同事们记得Sid不仅是深思熟虑的临床研究中的真正巨人，而且还是真正的绅士和好朋友。那些数十年来以许多不同身份与他互动的人，总是对他的才智，洞察力，尤其是他缺乏偏见和意识形态过剩印象深刻。所有人都不仅将他铭记为领导者，而且还以其为榜样，作为学术和个人行为的榜样。正如他的一位同事所观察到的那样，席德提供了无与伦比的服务来揭穿神话。他坚持以合理的机制来解释临床观察结果，如果无法获得这种理解，他鼓励基于假设的，以患者为中心的研究。

席德（Sid）和他的妻子德西玛（Decima）是罗切斯特许多同乡的完美寄宿，他们没有家人分享感恩节和其他重要的年假。对于胃肠病学研究部门的海外研究人员来说，菲利普斯的家是一个宾至如归的地方，这里总是受到他们的热烈欢迎。Sid和Decima喜欢来自世界各地的娱乐嘉宾，从而为他的同伴提供了与该领域的世界领导者进行面对面交流的机会。Sid参与了罗伯特社区剧院（Rochester Community Theatre）的吉尔伯特（Gilbert）和沙利文（Sullivan）经典作品的制作（与罗伊·肖特（Roy Shorter）合作），他和迪玛（Decima）活跃于葡萄酒和食品协会。即使他到达了胃肠病学事业的顶峰，他的生活也充满了使他最快乐的一切：家庭，旅行，戏剧，音乐，学习，教学，美食，和好酒。他很满足于专心讨论纽约时报》（New York Times）在他喝了几杯酒后唱着糟糕的橄榄球歌。晚餐对话充满了对所有主题的不切实际的观察。他是一位品味和见解无瑕的酿酒师，并且热爱他出生的土地和城市澳大利亚和墨尔本。他对棒球，板球和澳大利亚统治足球充满热情。席德（Sid）像描述杰克·莫里斯（Jack Morris）的投球表现一样轻松地描述了澳大利亚伟大的快速投球手雷·林德沃尔（Ray Lindwall）的技术技能，杰克·莫里斯（Jack Morris）带领明尼苏达双城队在第7场比赛中赢得1991年世界大赛。

退休后，西德（Sid）和迪希玛（Decima）移居明尼苏达州圣保罗（Lowertown St. Paul），与子女和孙子女保持亲密关系。他们将时间分散在圣保罗和英国伦敦之间，并经常回去探望澳大利亚的朋友和家人。在退休时，Sid和Decima结识了许多新朋友，并开始享受双城文化产品，包括圣保罗室内乐团，舒伯特俱乐部和Guthrie剧院，其中Sid是第一季票务持有者。希德（Sid）将被他的家人Decima深深怀念；佩内洛普（Penelope）和她的丈夫乔·麦金利（Joe McKinley）以及他们的孩子爱德华（Edward）和玛格丽特（Margaret）；Nichola和她的丈夫Martey Jakel及其子女Owen和Emilia；大卫和妻子劳拉（McEllistrem），以及他们的孩子查理，莉莉和索菲。

肠胃病学界为失去一位挚爱的同事，导师，临床科学家和朋友而哀悼。