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Improvements in Circumpolar Southern Hemisphere Extratropical Atmospheric Circulation in CMIP6 Compared to CMIP5
Earth and Space Science ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 , DOI: 10.1029/2019ea001065
T. J. Bracegirdle 1 , C. R. Holmes 1 , J. S. Hosking 1 , G. J. Marshall 1 , M. Osman 2 , M. Patterson 3 , T. Rackow 4
Affiliation  

One of the major globally relevant systematic biases in previous generations of climate models has been an equatorward bias in the latitude of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) mid‐latitude tropospheric eddy driven westerly jet. The far‐reaching implications of this for Southern Ocean heat and carbon uptake and Antarctic land and sea ice are key reasons why addressing this bias is a high priority. It is therefore of primary importance to evaluate the representation of the SH westerly jet in the latest generation of global climate and earth system models that comprise the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). In this paper we assess the representation of major indices of SH extratropical atmospheric circulation in CMIP6 by comparison against both observations and the previous generation of CMIP5 models. Indices assessed are the latitude and speed of the westerly jet, variability of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and representation of the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL). These are calculated from the historical forcing simulations of both CMIP5 and CMIP6 for time periods matching available observational and reanalysis data sets. From the 39 CMIP6 models available at the time of writing there is an overall reduction in the equatorward bias of the annual mean westerly jet from 1.9° in CMIP5 to 0.4° in CMIP6 and from a seasonal perspective the reduction is clearest in austral spring and summer. This is accompanied by a halving of the bias of SAM decorrelation timescales compared to CMIP5. However, no such overall improvements are evident for the ASL.

中文翻译:

与CMIP5相比,CMIP6的极地南半球温带大气环流的改善

在前几代气候模式中,与全球相关的主要系统性偏向之一是南半球(SH)中纬度对流层涡流驱动的西风急流的赤道偏向。这项工作对南部海洋热量和碳吸收以及南极陆地和海冰的深远影响是解决这一偏见的重中之重。因此,最重要的是评估SH西风射流在最新一代的全球气候和地球系统模型中的表示形式,该模型包括耦合模型比较项目6(CMIP6)。在本文中,我们通过与观测值和上一代CMIP5模型进行比较,评估了CMIP6中SH热带副热带大气环流主要指标的表示。评估的指标包括西风急流的纬度和速度,南环空模式(SAM)的变化性以及阿蒙森海低(ASL)的表示形式。这些是从CMIP5和CMIP6的历史强迫模拟中计算出来的,用于匹配可用观测和重新分析数据集的时间段。从撰写本文时可用的39个CMIP6模型来看,年平均西风急流的赤道偏差总体上从CMIP5的1.9°减小到CMIP6的0.4°,并且从季节的角度来看,春季和夏季的减少最为明显。 。与CMIP5相比,这将使SAM解相关时标的偏差减半。但是,对于ASL而言,没有这样的总体改进是显而易见的。和阿蒙森海底(ASL)的代表。这些是从CMIP5和CMIP6的历史强迫模拟中计算出来的,用于匹配可用观测和重新分析数据集的时间段。从撰写本文时可用的39个CMIP6模型来看,年平均西风急流的赤道偏差总体上从CMIP5的1.9°降低到CMIP6的0.4°,从季节的角度来看,春季和夏季的降幅最明显。与CMIP5相比,SAM解相关时标的偏差减少了一半。但是,对于ASL而言,没有这样的总体改进是显而易见的。和阿蒙森海底(ASL)的代表。这些是从CMIP5和CMIP6的历史强迫模拟中计算出来的,用于匹配可用观测和重新分析数据集的时间段。从撰写本文时可用的39个CMIP6模型来看,年平均西风急流的赤道偏差总体上从CMIP5的1.9°降低到CMIP6的0.4°,从季节的角度来看,春季和夏季的降幅最明显。与CMIP5相比,SAM解相关时标的偏差减少了一半。但是,对于ASL而言,没有这样的总体改进是显而易见的。从撰写本文时可用的39个CMIP6模型来看,年平均西风急流的赤道偏差总体上从CMIP5的1.9°减小到CMIP6的0.4°,并且从季节的角度来看,春季和夏季的减少最为明显。 。与CMIP5相比,SAM解相关时标的偏差减少了一半。但是,对于ASL而言,没有这样的总体改进是显而易见的。从撰写本文时可用的39个CMIP6模型来看,年平均西风急流的赤道偏差总体上从CMIP5的1.9°减小到CMIP6的0.4°,并且从季节的角度来看,春季和夏季的减少最为明显。 。与CMIP5相比,SAM解相关时标的偏差减少了一半。但是,对于ASL而言,没有这样的总体改进是显而易见的。
更新日期:2020-06-16
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