Neutrons can induce background events in underground experiments looking for rare processes. Neutrons in a MeV range are produced in radioactive decays via spontaneous fission and ($\alpha ,n$) reactions, and by cosmic rays. Neutron fluxes from radioactivity dominate at large depths ($>1$ km w. e.). A number of computer codes are available to calculate cross-sections of ($\alpha ,n$) reactions, excitation functions and neutron yields. We have used EMPIRE2.19/3.2.3 and TALYS1.9 to calculate neutron production cross-sections and branching ratios for transitions to the ground and excited states, and modified SOURCES4A to evaluate neutron yields and spectra in different materials relevant to high-sensitivity underground experiments. We report here a comparison of different models and codes with experimental data, to estimate the accuracy of these calculations.

中子可以在寻找稀有过程的地下实验中诱发背景事件。在MeV范围内的中子是通过自发裂变和（$\alpha ，ñ$）反应以及宇宙射线。放射性产生的中子通量在较大深度占主导地位（$>\mathrm{1个}$ 公里 e。）。许多计算机代码可用于计算（$\alpha ，ñ$）反应，激发函数和中子产率。我们已经使用EMPIRE2.19 / 3.2.3和TALYS1.9计算了转变为基态和激发态时的中子产生截面和分支比，并修改了SOURCES4A来评估与高灵敏度相关的不同材料中的中子产率和光谱地下实验。我们在这里报告了不同模型和代码与实验数据的比较，以估算这些计算的准确性。