An organism's ability to adapt to environmental challenges is aided by disparate neural systems, acting independently and interactively to influence behavioral responding. With respect to associative learning, emotional, contextual, and sensorimotor conditioning is established, maintained, and expressed by the amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum, respectively. In delay eyeblink conditioning, rapidly expressed emotional (fear) conditioned responses (CRs) tied to the conditioned stimulus (CS) and conditioning context accelerate the development and generation of a specific sensorimotor (eyeblink) CR, in accord with the two-stage model of aversive classical conditioning. This review discusses the model based on the behavior, neural pathways, and plasticity associated with the unconditioned stimulus (US), CS, and conditioning context. We conclude by introducing a putative third stage of conditioning, whereby cerebellar-mediated 'conditioned emotional suppression' mitigates and stabilizes fear responding as eyeblink CRs increase in frequency over training. Impaired sensorimotor learning due to cerebellar damage or dysfunction is proposed to limit conditioned suppression-leading to a sustained, heightened state of emotional arousal that, over time, could generalize to anxiety or mood psychopathology.

中文翻译：

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运动中的情感：厌恶性经典调节的三个阶段模型。

不同的神经系统可以帮助有机体适应环境挑战，它们可以独立和交互地作用以影响行为响应。关于联想学习，分别由杏仁核，海马体和小脑建立，维持和表达情绪，情境和感觉运动条件。在延迟眨眼调节中，与调节刺激（CS）和调节情境相关的快速表达的情绪（恐惧）调节反应（CR）和调节情境加速了特定感觉运动（眨眼）CR的发展和产生，这与情绪刺激的两阶段模型一致厌恶经典条件。这篇评论讨论了基于行为，神经通路和与无条件刺激（US），CS和条件环境相关的可塑性的模型。最后，我们通过介绍一个假定的第三阶段调节来结束该过程，其中小眼介导的“调节性情绪抑制”可减轻并稳定恐惧反应，因为眨眼CR的频率比训练时增加。提出由于小脑损伤或功能障碍导致的感觉运动学习受损，以限制条件抑制，导致情绪唤醒的持续性，升高状态，随着时间的流逝，可能会泛滥成焦虑或情绪心理病理学。