While metabolism was initially thought to play a passive role in cell biology by generating ATP to meet bioenergetic demands, recent studies have identified critical roles for metabolism in the generation of new biomass and provision of obligate substrates for the epigenetic modification of histones and DNA. This review details how metabolites generated through glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are utilized by somatic stem cells to support cell proliferation and lineage commitment. Importantly, we also discuss the evolving hypothesis that histones can act as an energy reservoir during times of energy stress. Finally, we discuss how cells integrate both extrinsic metabolic cues and intrinsic metabolic machinery to regulate cell fate.

虽然代谢最初被认为通过产生 ATP 来满足生物能量需求，从而在细胞生物学中发挥被动作用，但最近的研究已经确定了代谢在产生新生物量和为组蛋白和 DNA 的表观遗传修饰提供专性底物方面的关键作用。本综述详细介绍了体干细胞如何利用糖酵解和三羧酸循环产生的代谢物来支持细胞增殖和谱系定型。重要的是，我们还讨论了不断发展的假设，即组蛋白在能量压力期间可以充当能量库。最后，我们讨论细胞如何整合外在代谢线索和内在代谢机制来调节细胞命运。