Bacteriophages and the associated endolysins have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotic treatment of mastitis and metritis in cows. Many bacteriophages have been isolated and characterized with a large amount of lytic potential against the bacteria causing mastitis and metritis in cows. Several endolysins with marked lytic activity against mastitis pathogens in vitro were also produced from staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteriophages. In the few clinical studies, however, there has been marginal efficacy of bacteriophages in the therapy of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Similarly, lytic bacteriophages have marked antimicrobial activity in vitro against E. coli strains from the uteri of postpartum dairy cows. In clinical studies, however, neither administration of bacteriophages early postpartum nor prepartum was effective in the prevention of metritis in cows. More clinical studies on the effectiveness of bacteriophages and the associated endolysins in the prevention and therapy of mastitis and metritis in cows, therefore, are needed.

已经提出了噬菌体和相关的溶血素作为抗生素治疗牛乳腺炎和子宫炎的替代方法。已经分离并鉴定了许多噬菌体，它们具有针对导致牛乳腺炎和子宫炎的细菌的大量裂解潜能。与抗乳腺炎病原体的标记的裂解活性几个细胞内溶素在体外也从葡萄球菌和链球菌噬菌体产生的。然而，在少数临床研究中，噬菌体在由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的乳腺炎的治疗中具有边际功效。同样，裂解噬菌体在体外对大肠杆菌具有显着的抗菌活性来自产后奶牛子宫的菌株。然而，在临床研究中，产后早期和产前不给予噬菌体均不能有效预防母牛的子宫炎。因此，需要更多有关噬菌体和相关的溶血素在预防和治疗牛乳腺炎和子宫炎中的功效的临床研究。