We investigated lake sediments from Großer Ursee, Landkreis Ravensburg, Allgäu, Baden-Württemberg, to explore whether human activity was delayed and less intense at higher sites compared to those in the adjacent lower area around Bodensee (Lake Constance). A 11.1 m high resolution pollen profile from the centre of the lake was analysed, which covers the late Würm and complete Holocene sequence, providing a continuous pollen record of 1,092 samples. Human and climate induced vegetation and landscape change is discussed. The history of human impact indicated in this profile at around 700 m in the western Allgäu, with a precipitation above 1,000 mm/year and with a less favourable climate is compared with human impact in adjacent lower landscapes, with a more favourable climate for agriculture such as the Bodensee region. Since the Neolithic period, differences in vegetation development between the regions were mainly caused by a varying intensity of human impact which itself was strongly influenced by climatic differences. In the lowlands with a warm and dry climate, human impact started earlier and was stronger than in less favourable areas. Finally, the regular occurrence of Trapa natans at Großer Ursee, much more frequent there than in the adjacent warmer landscape to the west, is discussed in terms of various ecological factors.

我们调查了来自巴登-符腾堡州阿格，Landkreis Ravensburg，GroßerUrsee，GroßerUrsee的湖泊沉积物，以探讨与博登湖（博登湖）附近较低区域相比，人类活动在高处是否被延迟且强度降低。分析了从湖中心开始的11.1 m高分辨率花粉剖面，该剖面覆盖了Würm晚期和完整的全新世序列，提供了1,092个样本的连续花粉记录。讨论了人类和气候引起的植被和景观变化。该分布图表明，在阿尔高西部大约700 m处有人类影响的历史，降水量超过1000毫米/年，气候较差，与相邻较低景观的人类影响相比，农业气候更为有利，例如作为博登湖地区。自新石器时代以来，区域之间植被发展的差异主要是由于人类影响强度的变化而引起的，而气候变化本身就对人类的影响程度产生了强烈影响。在气候温暖干燥的低地，人类的影响开始较早，并且比不利地区的影响要强。最后，定期发生关于格罗瑟·乌尔塞（GroßerUrsee）的特拉帕纳坦（Trapa natans），在这里比在西部较温暖的风景中要频繁得多，并根据各种生态因素进行了讨论。