The purpose of the study was twofold: (1) determine if different time delays (30 min or 6 h) between training and a post-training test with a rhythmic bimanual pattern (90° relative phase) would be associated with different levels of consolidation for the motor and spatial representations of the pattern; and (2) determine if training with the rhythmic bimanual pattern would lead to enhanced corticospinal excitability in M1 linked to changes in motor and spatial performance measures. Coordination accuracy and stability of the 90° pattern improved over practice. Coordination accuracy and stability were the same after a 30-min or 6-h delay between training and the post-training test, indicating equivalent levels of consolidation in the motor representation. The 6-h delay interval resulted in shorter visual recognition times compared to the 30-min delay and was centered on the trained 90° pattern. These findings indicate the consolidation of the spatial representation was more time sensitive compared to the motor representation in the current task. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) generated by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were measured at baseline (before training) and at 6-min and 21-min intervals post-training with the 90° pattern. Increased corticospinal excitability in M1 was evidenced by larger MEPs of the FDI muscle at the 6-min interval. This increased excitability after training is a novel finding after training with a difficult and initially unstable rhythmic bimanual pattern. No significant correlations were found between the MEP data and behavioral data; thus, the increased excitability in M1 may have been linked to the difficulty in performing the pattern, consolidation processes, or both.

中文翻译：

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运动的动作和空间表现：经过双手训练后，M1的皮质脊髓兴奋性。

该研究的目的是双重的：（1）确定在训练与有节奏的双手模式（相对相位为90°）的训练后测试之间的不同时间延迟（30分钟或6小时）是否会与不同的巩固水平相关联用于模式的运动和空间表示；（2）确定以有节奏的双手模式进行训练是否会导致M1的皮质脊髓兴奋性增强，这与运动和空间性能指标的变化有关。90°图案的协调精度和稳定性比实际情况有所提高。训练和训练后测试之间经过30分钟或6小时的延迟后，协调的准确性和稳定性是相同的，表明运动表现中的巩固程度相同。与30分钟的延迟相比，6小时的延迟间隔导致较短的视觉识别时间，并以训练有素的90°模式为中心。这些发现表明，与当前任务中的运动表现相比，空间表现的合并对时间更敏感。在90训练后，基线时（训练前）以及训练后6分钟和21分钟的间隔测量由单脉冲经颅磁刺激（TMS）产生的第一背骨间背肌（FDI）的运动诱发电位（MEP）。 °模式。在6分钟的间隔内，FDI肌肉的较大MEP可以证明M1皮质脊髓兴奋性增加。训练后增加的兴奋性是在训练困难且最初不稳定的节奏性双手模式后的一个新颖发现。在MEP数据和行为数据之间未发现显着相关性；因此，M1中增加的兴奋性可能与执行图案，合并过程或同时执​​行这两者的困难有关。