Abstract

A methodological approach was proposed for the search for natural strains of S. сerevisiae yeasts that are promising for sherry production. Their initial selection in the method is based on genetic markers and the subsequent study of their enological properties. Ninety-six strains of S. cerevisiae yeasts were isolated from grape samples. Genotyping of the strains revealed that 82 strains had the ITS spacer allele of ribosomal RNA gene typical of “wine” strains, while 14 had the allele typical for French “sherry” strains. No alleles specific for Spanish sherry yeasts were found. A 111-bp deletion in the FLO11 adhesin gene promoter typical of sherry yeasts was found in 11 strains, while the specific allele of the YDR379C-А gene was found in 20 strains. In total, 28 strains had a sherry allele at least for one of the three loci, while 21 of them formed a flor on the surface of fermented grape must. According to the results of genetic studies and estimation of the enological properties, five strains that are characterized by the presence of sherry alleles for three loci and are capable of flor formation were selected. Two strains were selected as the most promising for subsequent production selection based on micro-winemaking.

中文翻译：

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酿酒酵母的天然酵母菌株有望用于雪利酒生产

摘要

提出了一种方法学方法来寻找有希望用于雪利酒生产的啤酒酵母自然菌株。他们在该方法中的最初选择是基于遗传标记和随后对其酶学性质的研究。从葡萄样品中分离出九十六种酿酒酵母酵母。菌株的基因分型显示，有82个菌株具有“酒”菌株典型的核糖体RNA基因的ITS间隔等位基因，而14个菌株具有法国“雪利酒”菌株典型的等位基因。未发现西班牙雪利酒酵母特有的等位基因。在11个菌株中发现了雪利酒酵母典型FLO11粘附素基因启动子中111 bp的缺失，而YDR379C-А的特定等位基因在20个菌株中发现了该基因。总共28个菌株至少在三个基因座之一中具有雪利酒等位基因，而其中21个在发酵葡萄的葡萄汁表面形成了弗洛尔。根据遗传研究的结果和对酶学性质的评估，选择了五个菌株，这些菌株的特征在于三个基因座存在雪利酒等位基因，并且能够形成弗洛尔菌。选择了两种菌株作为基于微酿酒的后续生产选择的最有希望的菌株。