An important advantage of quantum cryptography over classical cryptography consists in the fact that the security of the transmitted keys is not related to the assumptions about the eavesdropper capabilities and is guaranteed by the laws of nature. Nevertheless, in some situations it makes sense to consider some reasonable assumptions about the eavesdropper capabilities, which can increase the secret key distribution rate. Methods are proposed for legitimate users to employ some practical limitations, and attacks are constructed that the eavesdropper can apply under the conditions of these limitations.

中文翻译：

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在量子密码学中使用窃听者的实际限制的可能性

量子密码相对于经典密码的一个重要优势在于，传输密钥的安全性与窃听能力的假设无关，而是由自然法则保证的。然而，在某些情况下，考虑一些关于窃听能力的合理假设是有意义的，这可以提高密钥分发率。为合法用户提出了使用一些实际限制的方法，并构建了窃听者在这些限制条件下可以应用的攻击。