Abandoned underground mines remain insufficiently investigated landforms, which leads to underestimating their importance within world landscapes. Even though they stand as distinct and widespread geomorphic forms, research devoted to them is underpublished in comparison with natural caves. Because many mines with disturbed entrances remain hidden, various methods of their detection are reviewed, which are essential to prevent loss of life and damage due to their eventual collapse. The most prominent manifestations of the presence of abandoned underground mines are dynamic deformations along with slower subsidence. Even small related movements of the rock mass are detectable. Interest in monitoring and modelling the motions of such processes is growing. In response to the increasing number of documented mines worldwide, their reclamation, remediation or rehabilitation are being initiated as part of efforts to restore land devastated by mining activities; complex reclamation problems can be addressed by multidisciplinary expert teams. However, it is important to note that abandoned underground mines and their particular geomorphic forms are considered to be a source of great geodiversity and hence also biodiversity. The various possibilities of future research connected with abandoned underground mines as geomorphic forms are outlined.

中文翻译：

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旧地下矿山和废弃地下矿山的地貌：回顾和未来挑战

废弃的地下矿山仍未得到充分的地貌调查，这导致人们低估了它们在世界景观中的重要性。尽管它们是独特而广泛的地貌形式，但与天然洞穴相比，对它们的研究却很少发表。由于许多入口受到干扰的地雷仍处于隐藏状态，因此审查了各种探测方法，这些方法对于防止因最终倒塌而造成的人员伤亡和损坏至关重要。废弃地下矿山存在的最突出表现是动态变形和缓慢下沉。甚至可以检测到岩体的微小相关运动。对监测和模拟这些过程的运动的兴趣正在增长。为应对世界范围内记录在案的地雷数量不断增加，对其进行复垦，作为恢复被采矿活动破坏的土地的努力的一部分，正在启动补救或修复工作；多学科专家团队可以解决复杂的填海问题。然而，重要的是要注意废弃的地下矿山及其特殊的地貌形式被认为是巨大的地质多样性的来源，因此也是生物多样性的来源。概述了与废弃地下矿山作为地貌形式相关的未来研究的各种可能性。必须指出的是，废弃的地下矿山及其特殊的地貌形态被认为是巨大的地质多样性的来源，因此也是生物多样性的来源。概述了与废弃地下矿山作为地貌形式相关的未来研究的各种可能性。必须指出的是，废弃的地下矿山及其特殊的地貌形态被认为是巨大的地质多样性的来源，因此也是生物多样性的来源。概述了与废弃地下矿山作为地貌形式相关的未来研究的各种可能性。