This article is part of the Future Nanosafety special issue. It is our pleasure to present herewith a special issue of Chemical Research in Toxicology on “Future Nanosafety”. Nanosafety research is dedicated to the impact of nanomaterials on human health and the environment. Although much progress has been made in this field, ongoing research is still aiming to better address and predict the impact of specific nanomaterials or specific properties of these on biological responses. Further efforts will be needed to implement the outcome of such research for regulatory purposes as well as for the design of safe nanomaterials. This special issue is aimed at highlighting up-to-date topics in nanosafety research serving the understanding of key mechanisms, the advancement of in vitro test systems, and analytical tools toward the application of mitigative strategies. We are pleased to highlight in this issue a collection of 17 review articles, perspectives, and original research articles representing the multifaceted efforts necessary to develop this field. Research in “Future Nanosafety” is a challenge in manifold respects, for example, appropriate analytical methods are often missing and must be developed from scratch. Following tiny little nanoparticles in a huge organism is per se the search for the “needle in a haystack” but an important issue in the overall safety aspects. Moreover, the reliability of data is a fundamental prerequisite in toxicology and for regulatory purposes. These are only two examples of the importance of mechanistic and toxicological studies regarding nanosafety. This special issue wants to address exactly such topics to provide some food-for-thoughts regarding what to do and how to do such difficult research in the sense of the question posed here last year: “Nanosafety: where are we now and where must we go?”.(1) A first set of reviews and perspectives covers organ-specific topics, for example, their potential neurotoxicity (Boyes and van Thriel), in vitro testing strategies and models of the intestine (Kämpfer et al.), mechanistic aspects of crossing biological barriers (Jia et al.), and interactions of nanomaterials with the innate immune system (Cronin et al.). A second set of articles focuses on the properties and impact of nanomaterials used for specific applications, for example, as energy storage (Hamers) and antimicrobial materials (Ali et al.). At the same time, these examples illustrate the broad variety of application fields as well as potential exposure sources of these materials. A third set can be compiled using the term mechanistic approaches, again highlighting the variety of mechanisms ranging from materials behavior to signaling cascades and approaches to decipher these: one review article covers the application of analytical imaging to unravel the tissue-specific fate of nanomaterials (Graham et al.), a fascinating example of how physical techniques and procedures can be used to fertilize the field of toxicology. The other examines specific chemical properties of particulate matter in the context of the protective role of the transcription factor Nrf2 (Pardo et al.). Finally, the perspective by Petersen et al. identifies key sources of variability in nanobioassays to improve reproducibility in nanosafety studies. In line with the topics covered by reviews and perspectives, the original articles in this special issue address the use of analytical (Reifschneider et al.) and imaging techniques (Boyadzhiev et al.) to identify nanomaterials in complex matrices and biological environments and their interactions such as uptake pathways. Further articles elaborate, taking one or the other facet, the effect of functionalization or surroundings on properties and impact of nanomaterials (Tada-Oikawa et al., Geppert et al., Mehta et al., Gan et al., Zhang et al.) as well as the application of advanced cell culture and exposure systems for quantification of NP deposition and impact (Hufnagel et al.). CRT will continue to publish articles related to this important and interdisciplinary field. It is also active in promoting best practices in nanosafety research. Therefore, an updated overview on minimal information that should be contained in original articles to support the conclusions of biological and toxicological studies will be published soon. As a resource, this overview will serve not only authors but also reviewers of original articles and additionally might be of interest to those who are gathering published information for further use. Views expressed in this editorial are those of the authors and not necessarily the views of the ACS. This article references 1 other publications.

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关于“未来纳米安全性”的特刊。

本文是 未来的纳米安全特刊。我们很高兴在此特刊一期关于“未来纳米安全性”的毒理学化学研究。纳米安全性研究致力于纳米材料对人类健康和环境的影响。尽管在该领域已经取得了很大进展，但是正在进行的研究仍旨在更好地解决和预测特定纳米材料或这些材料的特定特性对生物反应的影响。为了监管目的以及安全纳米材料的设计，将需要进一步的努力来实现这种研究的结果。本期专刊旨在重点介绍纳米安全研究的最新主题，以帮助人们了解关键机制和体外研究进展测试系统和用于缓解策略应用的分析工具。我们很高兴在本期中重点介绍17篇评论文章，观点和原创研究文章的集合，这些文章代表了发展该领域所需的多方面努力。从各个方面来说，“未来纳米安全性”的研究都是一个挑战，例如，通常缺少适当的分析方法，必须从头开始进行开发。在巨大的生物体中跟随微小的纳米颗粒本身寻找“大海捞针”，但这是整体安全方面的重要问题。此外，数据的可靠性是毒理学和法规目的的基本前提。这些只是有关纳米安全性的机械和毒理学研究重要性的两个例子。本期特刊希望恰好解决这些问题，以就去年在这里提出的问题的意义，就如何开展和如何进行如此困难的研究提供一些思考：“纳米安全：我们现在在哪里，我们必须在哪里？ （1）第一组评论和观点涵盖了器官特定的主题，例如它们在体外的潜在神经毒性（Boyes和van Thriel）。肠道的测试策略和模型（Kämpfer等人），跨越生物屏障的机制方面（Jia等人）以及纳米材料与先天免疫系统的相互作用（Cronin等人）。第二组文章集中于用于特定应用的纳米材料的性质和影响，例如，用作能量存储（Hamers）和抗菌材料（Ali等）。同时，这些示例说明了广泛的应用领域以及这些材料的潜在暴露源。可以使用术语“机械方法”来编辑第三组，再次强调了从材料行为到信号级联的各种机制，以及解密这些机制的方法：一篇评论文章涵盖了分析成像的应用，以揭示纳米材料的组织特异性命运（Graham等人），这是如何使用物理技术和程序来丰富毒理学领域的一个有趣例子。另一类研究了转录因子Nrf2的保护作用下颗粒物质的特定化学性质（Pardo等人）。最后，彼得森等人的观点。确定了纳米生物测定中变异性的主要来源，以提高纳米安全性研究的可重复性。与评论和观点涵盖的主题一致，本期特刊的原始文章探讨了分析方法（Reifschneider等）和影像技术（Boyadzhiev等人）的使用。）以识别复杂基质和生物环境中的纳米材料及其相互作用（例如摄取途径）。其他文章从一个方面或另一个方面阐述了功能化或周围环境对纳米材料的性能和影响的影响（Tada-Oikawa等人，Geppert等人，Mehta等人，Gan等人，Zhang等人。 ）以及先进的细胞培养和暴露系统在NP沉积和影响定量中的应用（Hufnagel等）。CRT将继续发表与这一重要的跨学科领域有关的文章。它还积极促进纳米安全研究的最佳实践。因此，不久将发布原始文章中应包含的最少信息的最新概述，以支持生物学和毒理学研究的结论。作为资源 此概述不仅将为原始文章的作者提供服务，还为原始文章的审阅者提供服务，并且那些正在收集已发布的信息以供进一步使用的人员可能还会对此感兴趣。本社论中表达的观点只是作者的观点，不一定是ACS的观点。本文引用了其他1个出版物。