Sexual selection is widespread in animals, but quite naturally studied in adults. Juvenile males in most animals are not differentiated from females and coloration is usually drab. However, there is no reason to suspect that sexual differences cannot develop before puberty, influence social interactions, and then have fitness pay-offs later in life. Juvenile collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris (Say, 1822)) show marked dichromatism: males develop bright dorsolateral orange bars whereas females do not. These juvenile orange bars (JOB) disappear at sexual maturity, when males develop different colour traits maintained by sexual selection. We conducted field experiments with juvenile males on their developing territories in which we utilized staged intruders of juvenile males (with JOB) and juvenile females (lacking JOB) and also juvenile male intruders whose JOB were manipulated. Residents reacted significantly more aggressively toward males vs. females, and also toward males whose JOB were emphasized with paint than those whose JOB were masked by paint. These JOB are used in signalling among juveniles and we suggest the social relations established then are retained until sexual maturation the next spring (after the JOB are lost) to benefit males that previously displayed strong JOB by increased matings in the spring as sexually mature yearlings as per a phenomenon we call precocial sexual selection.

中文翻译：

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少年-少年社交信号：在衣领蜥蜴Crotaphytus ringis（Squamata：Crotaphytidae）中进行性交前性选择的案例？

性选择在动物中很普遍，但在成年动物中却很自然。在大多数动物中，雄性雄性与雌性没有区别，并且颜色通常是单调的。但是，没有理由怀疑性别差异在青春期之前就不会发展，不会影响社交互动，并在以后的生活中获得健康回报。幼颈蜥蜴（Crotaphytus项圈（Say，1822））表现出明显的二色性：雄性发育出明亮的背外侧橙色条，而雌性则没有。当雄性表现出通过性选择维持的不同颜色特征时，这些幼年的橙色条（JOB）会在性成熟时消失。我们对未成年雄性在其发展中地区进行了野外实验，在该实验中，我们利用了未成年雄性（有JOB）和成年雌性（缺少JOB）的入侵者，以及操纵了JOB的未成年雄性入侵者。居民对男性和女性的反应显着增强，而且男性对作业中用油漆强调的人比对作业中被油漆遮盖的男性更敏感。