ABSTRACT A Linear Spectral Unmixing method based on Multi-Constraint Endmembers (LSU-MCE) is proposed to extract the sea ice in the Bohai Sea using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. The method first extracts the spectral features, texture features, shape features, and temperature features of the sea ice and sea water, and then constructs the rules using the features to purify the endmembers, and finally decomposes the pixels using the linear spectral unmixing method. The method can properly detect sea ice including thin ice, drift ice, and melt ponds. Besides, the turbid sea water is separated from sea water as a separate endmember. So the proposed method can eliminate the disturbance caused by suspended sediment and successfully detect sea ice in high sediment waters. The method has good robustness to MODIS images of different satellites (Terra and Aqua) and the stripe noise. The method has been successfully applied to time series data of MODIS and the results show that it has high accuracy for sea ice detection in the Bohai Sea, with better visual results, and higher overall accuracy and kappa coefficient ( ).

中文翻译：

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基于多约束端元和线性谱解混的MODIS数据提取渤海海冰

摘要 提出了一种基于多约束端元（LSU-MCE）的线性光谱分离方法，利用中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）图像提取渤海海冰。该方法首先提取海冰和海水的光谱特征、纹理特征、形状特征和温度特征，然后利用特征构造规则净化端元，最后利用线性光谱分离方法分解像素。该方法可以正确检测包括薄冰、流冰和融池在内的海冰。此外，浑浊的海水作为单独的端元与海水分离。因此所提出的方法可以消除悬浮泥沙引起的扰动，成功地检测到高泥沙水域的海冰。该方法对不同卫星（Terra 和 Aqua）的 MODIS 图像和条纹噪声具有良好的鲁棒性。该方法已成功应用于MODIS时间序列数据，结果表明该方法对渤海海冰检测精度高，视觉效果更好，整体精度和kappa系数( )更高。