Abstract

Recent studies revealed an antioxidant activity and anticancer efficiency of betanin. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects and the possible mechanisms of betanin-induced apoptosis against U87MG human glioma cells and compared the results to those of human normal lymphocytes. MTT assay, caspase-3 activation assays in cells and succinate dehydrogenases (SDH), mitochondrial swelling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and cytochrome C release assays in isolated mitochondria were obtained from U87MG human glioma cells and noncancerous human lymphocytes The results illustrated the significant cytotoxic effect of betanin on U87MG human glioma cells, with a concentration value that inhibits 50% of the cell growth of 7 µg/ml after 12 h of treatment. MTT assay demonstrated that the betanin is selectively toxic to U87MG human glioma cells, and betanin induced cell apoptosis via activation of caspase-3 along with modulation of apoptosis-related mitochondria. Meanwhile, betanin selectively increased ROS formation, mitochondria swelling, MMP decrease, and cytochrome c release in cancerous mitochondria but in normal mitochondria. Based on the evidence obtained from this study, it is concluded that the betanin is a promising natural compound to fight U87MG human glioma cells via induction of apoptosis through activation of intrinsic pathways.

摘要

最近的研究揭示了甜菜碱的抗氧化活性和抗癌功效。在这项研究中，我们研究了甜菜碱诱导 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡的细胞毒性作用和可能机制，并将结果与​​人正常淋巴细胞的结果进行了比较。MTT 测定、细胞中的 caspase-3 活化测定和琥珀酸脱氢酶 (SDH)、线粒体肿胀、活性氧 (ROS) 产生、线粒体膜电位 (MMP) 和分离线粒体中的细胞色素 C 释放测定来自 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞和非癌性人淋巴细胞 结果表明甜菜碱对 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞具有显着的细胞毒作用，处理 12 小时后抑制 50% 细胞生长的浓度值为 7 µg/ml。MTT 测定表明甜菜碱对 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞具有选择性毒性，甜菜碱通过激活 caspase-3 以及调节凋亡相关线粒体来诱导细胞凋亡。同时，甜菜碱选择性地增加了癌性线粒体中的 ROS 形成、线粒体肿胀、MMP 减少和细胞色素 c 释放，但在正常线粒体中。基于从这项研究中获得的证据，可以得出结论，甜菜碱是一种很有前途的天然化合物，可通过激活内在途径诱导细胞凋亡来对抗 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞。和细胞色素 c 在癌性线粒体中释放，但在正常线粒体中。基于从这项研究中获得的证据，可以得出结论，甜菜碱是一种很有前途的天然化合物，可通过激活内在途径诱导细胞凋亡来对抗 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞。和细胞色素 c 在癌性线粒体中释放，但在正常线粒体中。基于从这项研究中获得的证据，可以得出结论，甜菜碱是一种很有前途的天然化合物，可通过激活内在途径诱导细胞凋亡来对抗 U87MG 人神经胶质瘤细胞。