Onychostoma macrolepis is an emerging commercial cyprinid fish species. It is a model system for studies of sexual dimorphism and genome evolution. Here, we report the chromosome‐level assembly of the O.macrolepis genome obtained from the integration of nanopore long‐read sequencing with physical maps produced using Bionano and Hi‐C technology. A total of 87.9 Gb of nanopore sequence provided approximately 100‐fold coverage of the genome. The preliminary genome assembly was 883.2 Mb in size with a contig N50 size of 11.2 Mb. The 969 corrected contigs obtained from Bionano optical mapping were assembled into 853 scaffolds and produced an assembly of 886.5 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 16.5 Mb. Finally, using the Hi‐C data, 881.3 Mb (99.4% of genome) in 526 scaffolds were anchored and oriented in 25 chromosomes ranging in size from 25.27 to 56.49 Mb. In total, 24,770 protein‐coding genes were predicted in the genome, and ~96.85% of the genes were functionally annotated. The annotated assembly contains 93.3% complete genes from the BUSCO reference set. In addition, we identified 409 Mb (46.23% of the genome) of repetitive sequence, and 11,213 non‐coding RNAs, in the genome. Evolutionary analysis revealed that O. macrolepis diverged from common carp approximately 24.25 million years ago. The chromosomes of O. macrolepis showed an unambiguous correspondence to the chromosomes of zebrafish. The high‐quality genome assembled in this work provides a valuable genomic resource for further biological and evolutionary studies of O. macrolepis.

中文翻译：

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通过整合纳米孔测序、Bionano 和 Hi-C 技术，在染色体水平组装一条鲤科鱼类 Onychostoma macrolepis。

Onychostoma macrolepis是一种新兴的商业鲤科鱼类。它是研究性别二态性和基因组进化的模型系统。在这里，我们报告了O.macrolepis的染色体水平组装通过将纳米孔长读长测序与使用 Bionano 和 Hi-C 技术生成的物理图相结合而获得的基因组。总共 87.9 Gb 的纳米孔序列提供了大约 100 倍的基因组覆盖率。初步基因组组装大小为 883.2 Mb，contig N50 大小为 11.2 Mb。从 Bionano 光学作图获得的 969 个校正重叠群被组装到 853 个支架中，并产生了 886.5 Mb 的组件，支架 N50 为 16.5 Mb。最后，使用 Hi-C 数据，526 个支架中的 881.3 Mb（基因组的 99.4%）被锚定和定向在 25 条染色体中，大小从 25.27 到 56.49 Mb。总共在基因组中预测了 24,770 个蛋白质编码基因，并且约 96.85% 的基因被功能注释。带注释的程序集包含来自 BUSCO 参考集的 93.3% 完整基因。此外，我们在基因组中鉴定了 409 Mb（基因组的 46.23%）的重复序列和 11,213 个非编码 RNA。进化分析表明，O. macrolepis大约在 2425 万年前与鲤鱼分离。的染色体O. macrolepis显示的明确对应于斑马鱼的染色体。在这项工作中组装的高质量基因组为O. macrolepis 的进一步生物学和进化研究提供了宝贵的基因组资源。