The plant Golgi apparatus (sensu lato: Golgi stack + Trans Golgi Network, TGN) is a highly polar and mobile key organelle lying at the junction of the secretory and endocytic pathways. Unlike its counterpart in animal cells it does not disassemble during mitosis. It modifies glycoproteins sent to it from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), it recycles ER resident proteins, it sorts proteins destined for the vacuole from secretory proteins, it receives proteins internalised from the plasma membrane and either recycles them to the plasma membrane or retargets them to the vacuole for degradation. In functional terms the Golgi apparatus can be likened to a car factory, with incoming (COPII traffic) and returning (COPI traffic) railway lines at the entry gate, and a distribution centre (the TGN) at the exit gate of the assembly hall. In the assembly hall we have a conveyor belt system where the incoming car parts are initially assembled (in the cis‐area) then gradually modified into different models (processing of secretory cargo) as the cars pass along the production line (cisternal maturation). After being released the trans‐area, the cars (secretory cargos) are moved out of the assembly hall and passed on to the distribution centre (TGN), where the various models are placed onto different trains (cargo sorting into carrier vesicles) for transport to the car dealers. Cars with motor problems are returned to the factory for repairs (endocytosis to the TGN). This simple analogy also incorporates features of quality control at the COPII entry gate with defective parts being returned to the manufacturing center (the ER) via the COPI trains (vesicles).

中文翻译：

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植物高尔基体超微结构

植物高尔基体（意义：高尔基体堆栈+跨高尔基体网络，TGN）是一种高度极性和移动的关键细胞器，位于分泌和内吞途径的交界处。与其在动物细胞中的对应物不同，它在有丝分裂期间不会分解。它修饰从内质网 (ER) 发送给它的糖蛋白，它回收 ER 驻留蛋白，它从分泌蛋白中分选前往液泡的蛋白质，它接收从质膜内化的蛋白质，并将它们再循环到质膜或重新靶向它们到液泡降解。在功能方面，高尔基体可以比作汽车厂，入口（COPII 交通）和返回（COPI 交通）铁路线位于入口处，配送中心（TGN）位于装配大厅出口处。在装配车间，我们有一个传送带系统，进来的汽车零件首先组装（在顺式区域），然后随着汽车通过生产线（池成熟）逐渐改装成不同的模型（分泌货物的处理）。在跨区放行后，汽车（分泌物）被移出装配大厅并传递到配送中心（TGN），在那里各种模型被放置在不同的列车上（货物分拣到载体囊泡）进行运输给汽车经销商。有电机问题的汽车返回工厂进行维修（内吞到 TGN）。这个简单的类比还包含 COPII 入口处的质量控制功能，有缺陷的零件通过 COPI 列车（囊泡）返回制造中心（ER）。