It is extremely challenging to directly observe how the relative position of the nanosheet changes the charge transport in the channel. Previous work on graphene stacking strain sensors relies on nanosheet slip to detect small mechanical signals. However, the direct experimental verification evidence is still inadequate. In this work, the sliding conductive transmission of graphene nanosheets slip is directly measured through an improved in situ transmission electron microscopy observation technique. By accurately manipulating the atomic scale of graphene nanosheets to achieve nanoscale sliding, the resistance change between nanosheets in the in situ observation system can be directly measured. Besides, a mechanical sensor based on graphene layer structure is designed, which demonstrates a high gauge factor (4303 at maximum strain of 93.3%), negligible hysteresis (5–10%), and excellent stability over 3000 stretch–release cycles. Besides, the precise control of characteristics offers a practical approach of retaining high stability from device to device. This strain sensor is applied in various cases, especially the health monitor of the human cervical vertebra.

中文翻译：

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大幅提高性能的石墨烯应变传感器的原位动态操纵

直接观察纳米片的相对位置如何改变通道中的电荷传输是非常具有挑战性的。石墨烯堆叠应变传感器的先前工作依赖于纳米片滑动来检测小的机械信号。但是，直接的实验验证证据仍然不足。在这项工作中，通过改进的原位透射电子显微镜观察技术直接测量了石墨烯纳米片滑移的滑动导电透射率。通过准确地控制石墨烯纳米片的原子尺度以实现纳米级滑动，可以直接测量原位观察系统中纳米片之间的电阻变化。此外，设计了基于石墨烯层结构的机械传感器，该传感器表现出较高的应变系数（4303，最大应变为93.3％），滞后可以忽略不计（5-10％），并且在3000次拉伸释放循环中具有出色的稳定性。此外，特性的精确控制提供了一种在各个设备之间保持高稳定性的实用方法。这种应变传感器适用于各种情况，尤其是人体颈椎的健康监测器。