BACKGROUND Dyspnea is a common symptom of heart failure (HF) but dyspnea burden is highly variable. OBJECTIVES Identify distinct profiles of dyspnea burden and identify predictors of dyspnea symptom profile. METHODS A secondary analysis of data from five studies completed at Oregon Health and Science University was conducted. The Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale was used to measure dyspnea burden. Latent class mixture modeling identified distinct profiles of dyspnea burden in a sample of HF patients (n = 449). Backwards stepwise multinomial logistic regression identified predictors of latent profile membership. RESULTS Four profiles of dyspnea burden were identified: no dyspnea/not bothered by dyspnea, mild dyspnea, moderate exertional dyspnea, and moderate exertional dyspnea with orthopnea and PND. Higher age was associated with greater likelihood of not being bothered by dyspnea than having moderate exertional dyspnea with orthopnea and PND. Higher NYHA class, anxiety, and depression were associated with greater likelihood of greater dyspnea burden. CONCLUSIONS Burden of dyspnea is highly variable among HF patients. Clinicians should account for the nuances of dyspnea and the activities that induce dyspnea when assessing HF patients.

中文翻译：

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识别心力衰竭患者呼吸困难负担的独特特征


背景技术呼吸困难是心力衰竭（HF）的常见症状，但呼吸困难负担变化很大。目标 识别呼吸困难负担的不同特征并确定呼吸困难症状特征的预测因素。方法 对俄勒冈健康与科学大学完成的五项研究的数据进行了二次分析。心力衰竭躯体感知量表用于测量呼吸困难负担。潜在类别混合模型确定了心力衰竭患者样本 (n = 449) 中呼吸困难负担的不同特征。向后逐步多项逻辑回归确定了潜在概况成员资格的预测因子。结果 确定了四种呼吸困难负担特征：无呼吸困难/不受呼吸困难困扰、轻度呼吸困难、中度劳力性呼吸困难以及伴有端坐呼吸和 PND 的中度劳力性呼吸困难。与伴有端坐呼吸和 PND 的中度劳力性呼吸困难相比，年龄越大，不受呼吸困难困扰的可能性越大。 NYHA 等级越高、焦虑和抑郁与呼吸困难负担越大的可能性越大。结论 心力衰竭患者的呼吸困难负担差异很大。临床医生在评估心力衰竭患者时应考虑呼吸困难的细微差别以及诱发呼吸困难的活动。