Abstract Fast pyrolysis bio-oil upgrading using a dispersed unsupported MoS2 catalyst, generated in-situ, was evaluated in a continuous flow reactor system. Light cycle oil (LCO), a typical petroleum refinery stream rich in aromatics, was selected as a reaction medium and a bio-oil-in-LCO microemulsion was used as a feeding strategy to ensure bio-oil is well distributed in LCO and suppress bio-oil polymerization especially at the reactor inlet. An aqueous solution of ammonium paramolybdate tetrahydrate was emulsified in LCO to form a stable water-in-oil microemulsion to ensure that the inorganic catalyst precursor is evenly dispersed in the feed stream. The impact of catalyst-to-bio-oil ratio on product properties, yields, oxygen removal and coke formation was investigated. Bio-oil deoxygenation as high as 90% was achieved and hydrogen consumption ranged between 316 and 723 L H2/L bio-oil within the investigated range of reaction conditions. The present work shows that an oil-phase product with significantly reduced oxygen content (0.56 wt%) and acidity (total acid number of 0.48 mg KOH/g) can be produced from bio-oils with minimal solids (coke) formation (0.8 to 1.8 g/100 g bio-oil). The experimental results demonstrate that the use of unsupported catalysts could provide a promising bio-oil upgrading alternative to conventional packed bed using supported catalysts, in which catalyst bed plugging and deactivation issues are commonly encountered.

中文翻译：

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使用分散的无载体二硫化钼催化剂进行生物油改质

摘要 在连续流动反应器系统中评估了使用原位生成的分散无载体二硫化钼催化剂的快速热解生物油升级。轻循环油 (LCO) 是一种典型的富含芳烃的炼油厂物流，被选为反应介质，并使用 LCO 包生物油微乳液作为进料策略，以确保生物油在 LCO 中良好分布并抑制生物油聚合特别是在反应器入口处。将四水仲钼酸铵水溶液在 LCO 中乳化形成稳定的油包水微乳液，以确保无机催化剂前体均匀分散在进料流中。研究了催化剂与生物油的比例对产品特性、产率、除氧和焦炭形成的影响。在所研究的反应条件范围内，生物油脱氧率高达 90%，氢消耗量介于 316 和 723 L H2/L 生物油之间。目前的工作表明，可以从具有最少固体（焦炭）形成（0.8 至 0.56 重量％）和酸度（总酸值为 0.48 毫克 KOH/克）的生物油生产出油相产品。 1.8 克/100 克生物油）。实验结果表明，使用非负载型催化剂可以为使用负载型催化剂的传统填充床提供一种有前景的生物油升级替代方案，其中通常会遇到催化剂床堵塞和失活问题。目前的工作表明，可以从具有最少固体（焦炭）形成（0.8 至 0.56 重量％）和酸度（总酸值为 0.48 毫克 KOH/克）的生物油生产出油相产品。 1.8 克/100 克生物油）。实验结果表明，使用非负载型催化剂可以为使用负载型催化剂的传统填充床提供一种有前景的生物油升级替代方案，其中通常会遇到催化剂床堵塞和失活问题。目前的工作表明，可以从具有最少固体（焦炭）形成（0.8 至 0.56 重量％）和酸度（总酸值为 0.48 毫克 KOH/克）的生物油生产出油相产品。 1.8 克/100 克生物油）。实验结果表明，使用非负载型催化剂可以为使用负载型催化剂的传统填充床提供一种有前景的生物油升级替代方案，其中通常会遇到催化剂床堵塞和失活问题。