Practitioners often employ diverse, though not always thoroughly validated, numerical models to directly or indirectly estimate wave overtopping ($q$) at sloping structures. These models, broadly classified as either phase-resolving or phase-averaged, each have strengths and limitations owing to the physical schematization of processes within them. Models which resolve the vertical flow structure or the full wave spectrum (i.e. sea-swell (SS) and infragravity (IG) waves) are considered more accurate, but more computationally demanding than those with approximations. Here, we assess the speed-accuracy trade-off of six well-known models for estimating $q$, under shallow foreshore conditions. The results demonstrate that: i) $q$ is underestimated by an order of magnitude when IG waves are neglected; ii) using more computationally-demanding models does not guarantee improved accuracy; and iii) with empirical corrections to incorporate IG waves, phase-averaged models like SWAN can perform on par, if not better than, phase-resolving models but with far less computational effort.

从业人员通常采用各种（尽管并非总是经过充分验证的）数值模型来直接或间接地估计波浪超顶（$q$）在倾斜的结构上。这些模型大致分为相分辨模型或相平均模型，每个模型都有其优势和局限性，这归因于其中的过程的物理图示。解析垂直流结构或全波谱（即海浪（SS）和次重力（IG）波）的模型被认为更准确，但与具有近似值的模型相比，对计算的要求更高。在这里，我们评估了六个著名模型的速度精度折衷，以进行估计$q$，在浅滩条件下。结果表明：i）$q$当忽略IG波时，被低估了一个数量级；ii）使用更多的计算需求模型不能保证提高的准确性；iii）通过经验校正将IG波纳入其中，像SWAN这样的相位平均模型可以与相位分辨模型相提并论，即使不是更好，但计算量却少得多。