A geostatistical methodology is presented to optimise the dosage of plant protection products (PPP) in vineyards with spatial variability. Sprayers are commonly used in viticulture to apply a constant volume rate per unit ground area (l ha−1). This can be a problem in vineyard plots with remarkable spatial variability in vine vigour, being necessary guiding winegrowers through a decision-making tool to determine an appropriate uniform volume rate. The leaf area index (LAI), measured by a terrestrial LiDAR scanner at high spatial resolution along crop rows, can be used to determine the optimum volume application rate. The proposed method is based on obtaining different probability maps of LAI by applying an indicator kriging to the original LAI data. As a result, this method allows winegrowers to i) map and locate areas within the plot that, within a given confidence level (70% or 90%), exceed or do not exceed different values (percentiles) of the original LAI, and ii) set the LAI and the corresponding volume rate seeking, for example, to balance the probability (risk) of areas with lower and higher doses than required. In more conservative protection strategies, the method also allows farmers to set the values of LAI and volume rate that greatly minimise the probability of vulnerable areas being underdosed.

中文翻译：

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葡萄园中空间变量农药的应用：第一部分，开发地质统计学方法

提出了一种地质统计学方法来优化具有空间变异性的葡萄园中植物保护产品 (PPP) 的剂量。喷雾器通常用于葡萄栽培，以在每单位土地面积 (l ha−1) 上施加恒定的容积率。这可能是葡萄树活力空间变化显着的葡萄园地块中的一个问题，有必要通过决策工具来指导葡萄种植者来确定合适的均匀体积率。叶面积指数 (LAI) 由地面 LiDAR 扫描仪沿作物行以高空间分辨率测量，可用于确定最佳体积施用率。所提出的方法基于通过将指标克里金法应用于原始 LAI 数据来获得 LAI 的不同概率图。因此，这种方法允许葡萄种植者 i) 在地块内绘制和定位区域，在给定的置信水平（70% 或 90%）内，超过或不超过原始 LAI 的不同值（百分位数），以及 ii) 设置 LAI 和相应的体积率寻求，例如，以平衡概率（风险) 剂量低于和高于要求的区域。在更保守的保护策略中，该方法还允许农民设置 LAI 和容积率的值，从而最大限度地减少脆弱区域剂量不足的可能性。