The third-stage larvae of the parasitic nematode genus Anisakis tend to encapsulate in different tissues including the musculature of fish. Host tissue penetration and degradation involve both mechanic processes and the production of proteins encoded by an array of genes. Investigating larval gene profiles during the fish infection has relevance in understanding biological traits in the parasite’s adaptive ability to cope with the fish hosts’ defense responses. The present study aimed to investigate the gene expression levels of some proteins in L3 of A. simplex (s.s.) infecting different tissues of blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou, a common fish host of the parasite in the NE Atlantic. The following genes encoding for Anisakis spp. proteins were studied: Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor (TI), hemoglobin (hb), glycoprotein (GP), trehalase (treh), zinc metallopeptidase 13 (nas 13), ubiquitin-protein ligase (hyd) and sideroflexin 2 (sfxn 2). Significant differences in gene transcripts (by quantitative real-time PCR, qPCR) were observed in larvae located in various tissues of the fish host, with respect to the control. ANOVA analysis showed that relative gene expression levels of the seven target genes in the larvae are linked to the infection site in the fish host. Genes encoding some of the target proteins seem to be involved in the host tissue migration and survival of the parasite in the hostile target tissues of the fish host.

中文翻译：

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异尖线虫（Sensu Stricto）第三阶段幼虫中七种靶蛋白基因表达谱的差异，由蓝鳕（Micromesistius poutassou）感染部位

寄生线虫属异尖线虫的第三阶段幼虫倾向于包裹在不同的组织中，包括鱼的肌肉组织。宿主组织的渗透和降解涉及机械过程和由一系列基因编码的蛋白质的产生。在鱼类感染期间调查幼虫基因谱与了解寄生虫应对鱼类宿主防御反应的适应能力的生物学特征有关。本研究旨在调查感染蓝鳕 Micromesistius poutassou 不同组织的单纯线虫 L3 中某些蛋白质的基因表达水平，Micromesistius poutassou 是东北大西洋寄生虫的常见鱼类宿主。以下基因编码异尖线虫属。研究的蛋白质：Kunitz 型胰蛋白酶抑制剂 (TI)、血红蛋白 (hb)、糖蛋白 (GP)、海藻糖酶 (treh)、锌金属肽酶 13 (nas 13)、泛素-蛋白连接酶 (hyd) 和铁氧屈挠蛋白 2 (sfxn 2)。相对于对照，在位于鱼类宿主各种组织中的幼虫中观察到基因转录本（通过定量实时 PCR，qPCR）的显着差异。方差分析表明，幼虫中七个靶基因的相对基因表达水平与鱼类宿主中的感染位点有关。编码一些靶蛋白的基因似乎参与了寄主组织迁移和寄生虫在鱼类宿主的敌对靶组织中的存活。关于控制。方差分析表明，幼虫中七个靶基因的相对基因表达水平与鱼类宿主中的感染位点有关。编码一些靶蛋白的基因似乎参与了寄主组织迁移和寄生虫在鱼类宿主的敌对靶组织中的存活。关于控制。方差分析表明，幼虫中七个靶基因的相对基因表达水平与鱼类宿主中的感染位点有关。编码一些靶蛋白的基因似乎参与了寄主组织迁移和寄生虫在鱼类宿主的敌对靶组织中的存活。