A few studies have examined neuropsychological functions, sleep, and mental health combined in Klinefelter syndrome (KS; 47,XXY). We investigated neuropsychological functions with standard tests, sleep with actigraphy, and self‐reported mental health in 30 men with KS (Mean age = 36.7 years) compared to 21 controls (Mean age = 36.8 years). Men with KS scored significantly lower on mental speed, attention span, working memory, inhibition, and set‐shifting tests, as well as overall IQ (mean effect size difference Cohen's d = 0.79). Men with KS had significantly longer night wakes, with no differences in other sleep variables (mean d = 0.34). Men with KS reported poorer mental health than controls (mean d = 1.16). Regression analyses showed neuropsychological functions explained variance in some sleep domains for men with KS but not for controls. Neuropsychological functions explained variance in some mental health domains for controls. For men with KS, however, verbal IQ was the only significant predictor of mental health. Altogether, men with KS display problems in neuropsychological functions and mental health but do not appear different from controls on most sleep parameters. Our findings indicate that relations between neuropsychological functions, sleep, and mental health differ between men with KS and controls.

中文翻译：

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Klinefelter综合征成人的神经心理功能，睡眠和心理健康。

少数研究检查了Klinefelter综合征（KS; 47，XXY）的神经心理功能，睡眠和心理健康。我们采用标准测试，30例KS（平均年龄= 36.7岁）男性与21名对照组（平均年龄= 36.8岁）男性进行了神经心理学功能测试，包括标准测试，笔迹入睡和自我报告的心理健康状况。患有KS的男性在心理速度，注意力跨度，工作记忆，抑制力和设定转移测试以及整体智商方面得分均明显较低（平均影响大小差异Cohen d = 0.79）。KS患者的夜间醒来时间明显更长，其他睡眠变量无差异（平均值d = 0.34）。男子与KS报道比对照组更差的心理健康（平均d= 1.16）。回归分析显示，神经心理功能解释了KS男性某些睡眠区域的差异，而对照则没有。神经心理学功能解释了某些心理健康领域的控制差异。然而，对于KS患者，言语智商是心理健康的唯一重要预测指标。总的来说，患有KS的男性在神经心理功能和心理健康方面显示出问题，但似乎与大多数睡眠参数的控制并无差异。我们的研究结果表明，KS和对照男性之间神经心理功能，睡眠和心理健康之间的关系存在差异。