Recent increases in renewable power generation challenge the operation of the power grid: generation rates fluctuate in time and are not synchronized with power demand fluctuations. Demand response (DR) consists of adjusting user electricity demand to match available power supply. Chemical plants are appealing candidates for DR programs; they offer large, concentrated loads that can be modulated via production scheduling. Price‐based DR is a common means of engaging industrial entities; its benefits increase significantly when a longer (typically, a few days) scheduling time horizon is considered. DR production scheduling comes with its own challenges, related to uncertainty in future (i.e., forecast) electricity prices and product demand. In this work, we provide a framework for DR production scheduling under uncertainty based on a chance‐constrained formulation that also accounts for the dynamics of the production facility. The ideas are illustrated with an air separation unit case study.

中文翻译：

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不确定条件下的需求响应调度：机会受限的框架及其在空分单元中的应用

可再生能源发电的最新增长对电网的运行提出了挑战：发电率随时间波动，并且与电力需求波动不同步。需求响应（DR）包括调整用户电力需求以匹配可用电源。化工厂吸引了灾难恢复计划的候选人；它们提供可通过生产计划进行调节的大型集中负载。基于价格的灾难恢复是吸引行业实体的常用手段。如果考虑更长（通常是几天）的计划时间范围，则其好处会大大增加。灾难恢复生产计划具有自身的挑战，与未来（即预测）电价和产品需求的不确定性有关。在这项工作中 我们基于机会受限的公式为不确定性下的灾难恢复生产计划提供了框架，该公式也说明了生产设施的动态。空气分离单元案例研究说明了这些想法。