Personalized cancer vaccine which targets neoepitopes shows great promise for cancer treatment. However, rapid preparation is a critical challenge for clinical application of personalized cancer vaccine. Genetic recombination and chemical modification are a time-consuming “trial and error” pattern for making vaccines. Here we first constructed a platform for peptide vaccine preparation by inserting SpyCatcher into the major immunodominant region (MIR) of hepatitis B core protein (HBc) (1-183). The resulted recombinant protein HBc_(1-183)-SpyCatcher (HBc_(1-183)-S) assembled to virus-like particles (VLPs) and readily bound to SpyTag conjugated with OVA epitope peptides by just mixing, forming HBc_(1-183)-S-OVA. HBc_(1-183)-S-OVA VLPs effectively induced dendritic cell maturation. Our further results indicated that HBc_(1-183)-S-OVA VLPs vaccination inhibited tumor growth in both prophylactic and treatment ways in E.G7-OVA tumor bearing mice by generating significant OVA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. Our study provides a simple, rapid, efficient and universal HBc-based platform for the preparation of personalized cancer vaccine.

针对新表位的个性化癌症疫苗显示出对癌症治疗的巨大希望。然而，快速制备对于个性化癌症疫苗的临床应用是关键的挑战。遗传重组和化学修饰是制备疫苗的费时的“反复试验”模式。在这里，我们首先通过将SpyCatcher插入乙型肝炎核心蛋白（HBc）的主要免疫优势区（MIR）（1-183）中，构建了肽疫苗制备平台。所得重组蛋白HBc _（ 1-183 _） -SpyCatcher（HBc _（ 1-183 _） -S）组装成病毒样颗粒（VLP），并通过混合而易于结合至与OVA表位肽缀合的SpyTag，形成HBc _{（1- 183）} -S-OVA。的HBc _（1-183）-S-OVA VLP有效诱导树突状细胞成熟。我们的进一步结果表明，HBc _（1-183） -S-OVA VLP疫苗接种通过产生明显的OVA特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞应答，在预防和治疗E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠中抑制了肿瘤的生长。我们的研究为制备个性化癌症疫苗提供了一个简单，快速，高效且通用的基于HBc的平台。