In the framework of circular economy, the need of new feedstock materials for the production of alternative new products is of high priority. Biowastes such as manure, sewage sludge (biosolids, BS) and food-waste are used as raw materials for the production of biochar. The present study aims at characterizing biochars produced from three distinct biowastes (i) manure from cattle waste (manure-derived biochar; MDB), (ii) biosolids (BS) from a conventional Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant (UWTP) (biosolids-derived biochar; BDB), and (iii) spent coffee grounds (SCG)-derived biochar (SCGDB). Samples were slowly pyrolyzed in a small-scale kiln with a capacity of 20–24 kg. The samples were heated under nitrogen atmosphere at approximately 6–7 °C min⁻¹ up to the desired temperature (550 °C) and held for 1.5h. The physicochemical characterization of biochars showed the production of alkaline materials with similarities and variations in their characteristics, which depend to the type of feedstock used. The surface area of the raw materials was considerably low (<0.1 m²/g) and increased after pyrolysis to 14.03 m²/g, 3.98 m²/g and 1.53 m²/g for MDB, BDB and SCGDB, respectively. The high %C content, the low H/C ratio and the FTIR adsorption peaks revealed high aromaticity, polymerization and carbonization of the biochars and the presence of several functional groups. These, are some of the biochar properties which could lead to different sorption mechanisms of organic and inorganic contaminants. Also, they presented good stability in soil, which enables to be used as soil amendment and C sequestration mechanism. Finally, the produced biochars showed promising properties for environmental applications.

在循环经济的框架内，生产替代新产品需要新的原料非常重要。粪便，污水污泥（生物固体，BS）和食物垃圾等生物废物被用作生产生物炭的原料。本研究旨在表征由三种不同生物废物产生的生物炭（i）牛粪粪便（粪便衍生的生物炭; MDB），（ii）常规城市污水处理厂（UWTP）的生物固体（BS）（生物固体衍生的生物炭；以及（iii）源自咖啡渣（SCG）的生物炭（SCGDB）。将样品在容量为20–24 kg的小型窑炉中缓慢热解。将样品在氮气气氛下于大约6–7°C min ^-1加热达到所需温度（550°C），并保持1.5h。生物炭的理化特性显示碱性物质的生产具有相似和不同的特性，这取决于所用原料的类型。原料的表面积非常低（<0.1 m ² / g），并且在热解后增加到14.03 m ² /g、3.98 m ² / g和1.53 m ²/ g分别用于MDB，BDB和SCGDB。高％C含量，低H / C比和FTIR吸附峰表明，生物炭具有很高的芳香性，聚合度和碳化度，并且存在多个官能团。这些是一些生物炭特性，可能导致有机和无机污染物的吸附机制不同。而且，它们在土壤中表现出良好的稳定性，从而可以用作土壤改良剂和固碳机制。最后，所生产的生物炭在环境应用中显示出良好的性能。