Neuronal interactions at the level of vagal, homeostatic, and hedonic circuitry work to regulate the neuronal control of feeding. This integrative system appears to vary across sex and gender in the animal and human worlds. Most feeding research investigating these variations across sex and gender focus on how the organizational and activational mechanisms of hormones contribute to these differences. However, in limited studies spanning both the central and peripheral nervous systems, sex differences in feeding have been shown to manifest not just at the level of the hormonal, but also at the chromosomal, epigenetic, cellular, and even circuitry levels to alter food intake. In this review, we provide a brief orientation to the current understanding of how these neuronal systems interact before dissecting selected studies from the recent literature to exemplify how feeding physiology at all levels can be affected by the various components of sex.

中文翻译：

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大脑上的性别：性别作为神经元控制进食的多个生物变量。

迷走神经、稳态和快感回路水平的神经元相互作用可调节神经元对进食的控制。这种整合系统似乎在动物和人类世界中因性别而异。大多数调查这些性别和性别差异的喂养研究都集中在激素的组织和激活机制如何导致这些差异。然而，在涵盖中枢和外周神经系统的有限研究中，喂养的性别差异不仅表现在激素水平上，还表现在染色体、表观遗传、细胞甚至电路水平上，以改变食物摄入量. 在这次审查中，