The way humans work in production and logistics systems is changing. The evolution of technologies, Industry 4.0 applications, and societal changes, such as ageing workforces, are transforming operations processes. This transformation is still a “black-box” for many companies, and there are calls for new management approaches that can help to successfully overcome the future challenges in production and logistics.

While Industry 4.0 emerges, companies have started to use advanced control tools enabled by real-time monitoring systems that allow the development of more accurate planning models that enable proactive managerial decision-making. Although we observe an increasing trend in automating human work in almost every industry, human workers are still playing a central role in many production and logistics systems. Many of these planning models developed for managerial decision support, however, do not consider human factors and their impact on system or employee performance, leading to inaccurate planning results and decisions, underperforming systems, and increased health hazards for employees.

This paper summarizes the vision, challenges and opportunities in this research field, based on the experience of the authors, members of the Working Group 7 (WG7) “Human factors and ergonomics in industrial and logistic system design and management” of the IFAC Technical Committee (TC) 5.2 “Manufacturing Modelling for Management and Control". We also discuss the development of this research stream in light of the contributions presented in invited sessions at related IFAC conferences over the last five years. The TC 5.2 framework is adapted to include a human-centered perspective. Based on this discussion, a research agenda is developed that highlights the potential benefits and future requirements for academia and society in this emerging research field. Promising directions for future research on human factors in production and logistics systems include the consideration of diversity of human workers and an in-depth integration of Industry 4.0 technologies in operations processes to support the development of smart, sustainable, human-centered systems.

人类在生产和物流系统中的工作方式正在发生变化。技术的发展，工业4.0应用和社会变化（例如老龄化的劳动力）正在改变运营流程。对于许多公司而言，这种转变仍然是“黑匣子”，并且呼吁采用新的管理方法，以帮助成功克服生产和物流方面的未来挑战。

当工业4.0出现时，公司开始使用由实时监视系统支持的高级控制工具，这些工具允许开发更准确的计划模型，从而可以进行主动的管理决策。尽管我们观察到几乎每个行业都实现了使人类工作自动化的增长趋势，但人类工人仍在许多生产和物流系统中发挥着核心作用。但是，为管理决策支持而开发的许多计划模型都没有考虑人为因素及其对系统或员工绩效的影响，从而导致计划结果和决策不准确，系统表现不佳以及对员工的健康危害增加。

本文根据IFAC技术委员会第七工作组（WG7）“工业和物流系统设计与管理中的人为因素和人体工程学”的作者，作者的经验，总结了该研究领域的愿景，挑战和机遇。（TC）5.2“用于管理和控制的制造建模“。我们还根据过去五年中在IFAC相关会议上受邀会议上提出的意见讨论了该研究流的发展。TC 5.2框架适用于以人为本的观点。研究议程的制定突显了这一新兴研究领域对学术界和社会的潜在利益和未来要求，对生产和物流系统中人为因素的未来研究的有前途的方向包括对人类工人多样性的考虑以及对人类工作的深入整合。运营流程中的工业4.0技术支持智能，可持续，以人为本的系统的开发。