To assess the long-term variations in the trend of the mean monthly land surface temperature, LST products from the MODIS sensor on Terra satellite (MOD11A1) were employed. A total of 1365 daily images of LST MODIS were provided from the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center for April (450 images), May (465 images), and June (450 images) months. Then the mean monthly land surface temperature (LST) was estimated separately using daily land surface temperature (LST) time series for 3 months, April, May, and June, as well as for the total statistical period studied. A total number of 30,080 pixels were investigated within the studied area according to spatial resolution 1 in 1 km each image. Finally, the long-term variations trend of the mean monthly land surface temperature was evaluated using Sen’s slope estimator and classic linear regression on a pixel basis. According to the results, there was no significant difference in both models about the estimation of long-term variations trend of the mean monthly LST and they had the same performance. The results of this research also showed that the highest increasing trends in LST was observed in the north of the plain, which may be due to the drying up of Hamoun triple wetlands. However, the highest decreasing trends in LST was observed in the northeast, southwest, and west of the study area, which may be attributed to the expansion of agricultural lands and gardens in the northeastern part of the plain (along the main branch of Hirmand River) and digging of small wells in the southwest and west of the plain by indigenous peoples as well as the use of supply water for farming.

中文翻译：

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利用卫星遥感产品模拟地表温度（LST）时间序列的变化趋势（案例研究：伊朗东部的锡斯坦平原）

为了评估月平均地面温度趋势的长期变化，采用了Terra卫星上的MODIS传感器（MOD11A1）的LST产品。土地过程分布式活动档案中心总共提供了1365张LST MODIS每日图像，分别用于4月（450张图像），5月（465张图像）和6月（450张图像）。然后，分别使用3个月，4月，5月和6月的每日陆地表面温度（LST）时间序列，以及研究的整个统计周期，分别估算月平均陆地表面温度（LST）。在每个图像1 km中，根据空间分辨率1在研究区域内调查了30,080个像素的总数。最后，使用Sen斜率估算器和经典线性回归以像素为基础，评估了月平均陆地表面温度的长期变化趋势。根据结果​​，在两个模型中，关于平均每月LST的长期变化趋势的估计没有显着差异，并且它们具有相同的性能。这项研究的结果还表明，在平原北部观察到LST的增长趋势最高，这可能是由于Hamoun三重湿地干drying造成的。但是，在研究区域的东北，西南和西部观察到LST的下降趋势最高，