Abstract In this study, cracked shell-type structures with 3D geometries made of orthotropic materials are considered. Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is typically used for analysis of 2D orthotropic plates; however, the available commercial FEM packages like ABAQUS do not offer a solution for cracked orthotropic elements. As a result, authors have developed a programming code in MATLAB software, which is capable of solving 3D orthotropic structures with shell elements. Examples of 2D and 3D shell element problems with different crack angles and fibre orientations are investigated to validate the accuracy of the evaluated stress intensity factors under static and dynamic loading conditions. Parametric studies are also performed to observe the fracture behaviour of a pipe with different crack orientations at different fibre directions in composites.

中文翻译：

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使用 XFEM 方法对 3D 开裂正交各向异性壳进行静态和动态断裂分析

摘要 在这项研究中，考虑了由正交各向异性材料制成的具有 3D 几何形状的裂纹壳型结构。扩展有限元法 (XFEM) 通常用于分析二维正交各向异性板；然而，像 ABAQUS 这样的商用 FEM 包不能提供裂纹正交各向异性单元的解决方案。因此，作者在 MATLAB 软件中开发了一个编程代码，该代码能够求解具有壳单元的 3D 正交各向异性结构。研究了具有不同裂纹角度和纤维取向的 2D 和 3D 壳单元问题的示例，以验证在静态和动态加载条件下评估的应力强度因子的准确性。