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Modelling distribution of the common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus off the southwest coast of Puerto Rico
Journal of Marine Systems ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103371
Grisel Rodriguez-Ferrer , Juan J. Cruz-Motta , Nikolaos V. Schizas , Richard S. Appeldoorn

Abstract Standardized sightings of the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) from the south and west coasts of Puerto Rico were quantitatively analyzed to determine the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of sighting location, group size, composition and behavior in relation to key features such as distance from shore, depth and habitat type. Dolphin inhabit primarily the nearshore zone within 5 km of the coast, but they are also associated with edge and slope habitats of the platform and bank/islands off the west coast. Dolphins were rare both over the central portion of the western platform, characterized as a broad area of sand, as well as in deep waters outside the shelf edge zone. Although dolphins were sighted in various habitat types, the most predominant were sea grass beds (44%), sand (25%), and reef (22%). Only 17% of the sightings were in deeper waters, such as the shelf edge and mid platform, which were dominated by hard bottom. Multiple, multivariate correlations based on distance (DISTLM) showed that the only statistically significant predictor for dolphin relative abundances was Habitat Evenness (AIC = 250.89; R2 = 0.12; p = 0.003). On the other hand, for behavior data, DistLM showed that the only significant predictor was average rugosity (AICc = 551.21, R2 = 0.09, p = 0.02), where social behavior was more common in high rugosity areas, while traveling predominated in low rugosity areas. Given the predominately inshore distribution of bottlenose dolphins, their low abundance, and multiyear residency we believe the area off the west coast of Puerto Rico should be designated as a Critical Habitat.

中文翻译:

波多黎各西南海岸普通宽吻海豚 Tursiops truncatus 的建模分布

摘要 对来自波多黎各南部和西部海岸的普通宽吻海豚 (Tursiops truncatus) 的标准化观测进行了定量分析,以确定与距离等关键特征相关的观测位置、群体规模、组成和行为的时空分布模式。从海岸、深度和栖息地类型。海豚主要栖息在离海岸 5 公里以内的近岸区域,但它们也与西海岸外的平台和河岸/岛屿的边缘和斜坡栖息地有关。海豚在西部平台的中央部分(以广阔的沙地为特征)以及陆架边缘区以外的深水中都很罕见。尽管在各种栖息地类型中都能看到海豚,但最主要的是海草床 (44%)、沙子 (25%) 和礁石 (22%)。只有 17% 的目击事件发生在以硬底为主的陆架边缘和中间平台等较深水域。基于距离的多变量相关性 (DISTLM) 表明,海豚相对丰度的唯一统计显着预测因子是栖息地均匀度(AIC = 250.89;R2 = 0.12;p = 0.003)。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。如货架边缘和中间平台,以硬底为主。基于距离的多变量相关性 (DISTLM) 表明,海豚相对丰度的唯一统计显着预测因子是栖息地均匀度(AIC = 250.89;R2 = 0.12;p = 0.003)。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。如货架边缘和中间平台,以硬底为主。基于距离的多变量相关性 (DISTLM) 表明,海豚相对丰度的唯一统计显着预测因子是栖息地均匀度(AIC = 250.89;R2 = 0.12;p = 0.003)。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。基于距离的多元相关性 (DISTLM) 表明,海豚相对丰度的唯一统计显着预测因子是栖息地均匀度(AIC = 250.89;R2 = 0.12;p = 0.003)。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。基于距离的多元相关性 (DISTLM) 表明,海豚相对丰度的唯一统计显着预测因子是栖息地均匀度(AIC = 250.89;R2 = 0.12;p = 0.003)。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。另一方面,对于行为数据,DistLM 显示唯一显着的预测因子是平均粗糙度(AICc = 551.21,R2 = 0.09,p = 0.02),其中社会行为在高粗糙度区域更常见,而在低粗糙度区域旅行占主导地位领域。鉴于宽吻海豚主要分布在近海,它们的丰度低,而且可以多年居住,我们认为波多黎各西海岸附近的地区应该被指定为重要栖息地。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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