Sapium sebiferum Roxb. is a widespread and economically important multipurpose tree due to its high value in ornamental, and biodiesel production as well as medicine. A highly efficient in vitro plant regeneration system through direct shoot organogenesis was established for the first time from leaves and petioles of S. sebiferum. The results showed that plant growth regulators (PGRs), mechanical damage, explant orientation, explant source, and developmental stage had a strong influence on the in vitro morphogenesis of S. sebiferum. For shoot organogenesis from leaves, the highest adventitious shoot induction rate (96.67%) with 25.67 shoots per explant was obtained when mechanically damaged leaves (the first three leaf explants at the top, leaf #1–3) were cultured with the abaxial surface placed down on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.5 mg L⁻¹ thidiazuron (TDZ). For in vitro morphogenesis of petioles, the combination of 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylainopurine (6-BA) played a key role in cell fate determination. All of the in vitro petioles produced adventitious shoots on MS medium containing 1.0 mg L⁻¹ 6-BA and 0.1 mg L⁻¹ NAA, while they produced green calli on medium fortified with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 6-BA and 1.0 mg L⁻¹ NAA. The shoots were subcultured in medium fortified with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 6-BA and 0.1 mg L⁻¹ NAA for multiplication and elongation. The elongated shoots successfully rooted on half-strength MS (1/2 MS) medium fortified with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ indole-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.25 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and the regenerated plantlets successfully acclimatized with a survival rate of 92.56% in the greenhouse. The genetic fidelity of in vitro regenerated plants was evaluated using inter simple sequence repeat molecular markers. The in vitro regenerated plants were found to be the true to their mother plant. This study will be beneficial for the large-scale propagation as well as the genetic improvement of S. sebiferum.

Sapium sebiferum Roxb。由于其在观赏，生物柴油生产以及医药方面的高价值，是一种广泛且在经济上重要的多用途树。首次建立了一种通过直链器官发生的高效体外植物再生系统。结果表明，植物生长调节剂（PGRs），机械损伤，外植体取向，外植体来源和发育阶段对S. sebiferum的体外形态发生有很大影响。。对于叶片的芽器官发生，当机械损伤的叶片（顶部的前三片外植体，叶片＃1-3）在背面放置的情况下进行培养时，不定芽诱导率最高（96.67％），每个外植体为25.67个芽。在含有0.5 mg L ^-1噻二唑隆（TDZ）的Murashige and Skoog（MS）培养基上。对于叶柄的体外形态发生，1-萘乙酸（NAA）和6-苄基氨基嘌呤（6-BA）的组合在细胞命运测定中起关键作用。所有体外叶柄均在含有1.0 mg L ^-1 6-BA和0.1 mg L ^-1 NAA的MS培养基上产生不定芽，而它们在以0.5 mg L ^-1 6-BA和1.0 mg L强化的培养基上产生绿色愈伤组织^-1NAA。将芽在用0.5 mg L ^-1 6-BA和0.1 mg L ^-1 NAA强化的培养基中进行传代培养，以繁殖和延长。细长的枝条成功地生根于以0.5 mg L ^-1吲哚丁酸（IBA）和0.25 mg L ^-1吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）强化的半强度MS（1/2 MS）培养基上，并再生温室中的小植株成功地适应了环境，存活率为92.56％。使用内部简单序列重复分子标记评估了体外再生植物的遗传保真度。发现体外再生植物是其母本的真实植物。这项研究将有利于S. sebiferum的大规模繁殖以及遗传改良。。