We construct a quasi-inertial reference system for the atom interferometer in terms of the light-field compensation, which is equivalent to the establishment of a quantum drag-free system. The compensation considered in our approach involves feedbacks of both classical and quantum nature. As a result, it may significantly reduce the dependence of the interferometric phase shift on the atomic initial position and velocity. As the error bound for gravity experiments originates primarily from the uncertainties in the initial conditions, the proposed quasi-inertial reference system might lead to substantial improvement in this regard. To be specific, the refined process introduced in the present study gives rise to the possibility of the measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant G beyond the precision level of 10−6, as well as the test of the weak equivalence principle beyond 10−14. Moreover, when compared with the conventional quasi-inertial reference based on macroscopic objects, additional quantum feedback plays an essential role concerning both theoretical rigor and practical performance enhancement. We further explore the possibility of implementing the proposed quasi-inertial reference system in ongoing experimental developments.

中文翻译：

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基于自由落体原子的准惯性参考系的建立及其在重力实验中的应用

我们在光场补偿方面为原子干涉仪构建了一个准惯性参考系，相当于建立了一个量子无拖曳系统。在我们的方法中考虑的补偿涉及经典和量子性质的反馈。因此，它可以显着降低干涉相移对原子初始位置和速度的依赖性。由于重力实验的误差界主要源于初始条件的不确定性，所提出的准惯性参考系统可能会导致这方面的实质性改进。具体而言，本研究中引入的精细过程使牛顿引力常数 G 的测量有可能超过 10−6 的精度水平，以及超过 10−14 的弱等效原理的检验。此外，与基于宏观物体的传统准惯性参考相比，额外的量子反馈在理论严谨性和实际性能增强方面都起着至关重要的作用。我们进一步探索在正在进行的实验发展中实施拟议的准惯性参考系统的可能性。