Doubled haploid technology using inducer lines carrying mutations in ZmPLA1/MTL/NLD and ZmDMP1-4 has revolutionized traditional maize breeding. ZmPLA1/MTL/NLD is conserved in monocots and has been used to extend the system from maize to other monocots5-7, but no functional orthologue has been identified in dicots, while ZmDMP-like genes exist in both monocots and dicots4,8,9. Here, we report that loss-of-function mutations in the Arabidopsis thaliana ZmDMP-like genes AtDMP8 and AtDMP9 induce maternal haploids, with an average haploid induction rate of 2.1 ± 1.1%. In addition, to facilitate haploid seed identification in dicots, we established an efficient FAST-Red fluorescent marker-based haploid identification system that enables the identification of haploid seeds with >90% accuracy. These results show that mutations in DMP genes also trigger haploid induction in dicots. The conserved expression patterns and amino acid sequences of ZmDMP-like genes in dicots suggest that DMP mutations could be used to develop in vivo haploid induction systems in dicots.

中文翻译：

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双子叶拟南芥中的DMP触发的体内孕产妇单倍体诱导系统。

使用携带ZmPLA1 / MTL / NLD和ZmDMP1-4突变的诱导株的双单倍体技术彻底改变了传统的玉米育种。ZmPLA1 / MTL / NLD在单子叶植物中是保守的，已用于将系统从玉米扩展到其他单子叶植物5-7，但在双子叶植物中尚未鉴定出功能直向同源物，而在单子叶植物和双子叶植物中都存在类似ZmDMP的基因4、8、9。 。在这里，我们报道拟南芥ZmDMP样基因AtDMP8和AtDMP9的功能丧失突变诱导母体单倍体，平均单倍体诱导率为2.1±1.1％。此外，为了促进双子叶植物中单倍体种子的鉴定，我们建立了一个基于FAST-Red荧光标记的高效单倍体鉴定系统，该系统能够鉴定> 90％的单倍体种子。这些结果表明，DMP基因中的突变也触发了双子叶植物中的单倍体诱导。双子叶植物中ZmDMP-like基因的保守表达模式和氨基酸序列表明，DMP突变可用于开发双子叶植物体内单倍体诱导系统。