The modelling technique contributes to understanding noise nature and properties. Prior work has established a primary random noise model in the homogeneous medium, however, this strict assumption of the medium may be not valid under the actual environment so that will reduce the modelling accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, a random noise model is established in the mixed heterogeneous medium to improve the modelling accuracy, so the scattered mechanism is used to describe the random noise field in the heterogeneous medium. Since the perturbation method is always applied to solve the scattering problem, the noise wave field can be regarded as the superposition of the perturbation wave field and the unperturbation wave field. Consequently, the random noise model reveals that the desert random noise is mainly caused by the wind, and it concentrates on 1–20 Hz. A detailed comparison is made between the noise model established in the homogeneous medium and the proposed noise model, the results illustrate that the proposed noise model is more similar to the actual noise. Besides, for embodying the model’s practical application value, the proposed noise model is adopted as the background noise to determine the VMD (variational mode decomposition) denoising parameters. The satisfactory denoising performance supports the usefulness of the proposed noise model for the random noise attenuation.

中文翻译：

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基于微扰法的地震勘探随机噪声建模及其应用

建模技术有助于理解噪声的性质和特性。之前的工作已经建立了均质介质中的初级随机噪声模型，但是，这种对介质的严格假设在实际环境下可能无效，从而降低建模精度。因此，本文在混合异质介质中建立随机噪声模型以提高建模精度，因此采用分散机制来描述异质介质中的随机噪声场。由于总是采用扰动法来解决散射问题，因此噪声波场可以看作是扰动波场和非扰动波场的叠加。因此，随机噪声模型表明沙漠随机噪声主要是由风引起的，它集中在 1-20 Hz。将在均质介质中建立的噪声模型与所提出的噪声模型进行了详细的比较，结果表明所提出的噪声模型更接近于实际噪声。此外，为了体现模型的实际应用价值，采用所提出的噪声模型作为背景噪声来确定VMD（变分模式分解）去噪参数。令人满意的去噪性能支持所提出的噪声模型对随机噪声衰减的有用性。采用提出的噪声模型作为背景噪声来确定VMD（变分模式分解）去噪参数。令人满意的去噪性能支持所提出的噪声模型对随机噪声衰减的有用性。采用提出的噪声模型作为背景噪声来确定VMD（变分模式分解）去噪参数。令人满意的去噪性能支持所提出的噪声模型对随机噪声衰减的有用性。